Determinação de oligoelementos e elementos potencialmente tóxicos no sangue de pacientes com leucemia linfocítica aguda
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/25871 |
Resumo: | Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is a type of cancer that affects the bone marrow, changing the hematopoietic process due to a genetic mutation that affects the stem cells of lymphoid origin. So, immature lymphoblasts are generated, which have no blood function and accumulate in the bone marrow. This type of cancer occurs mainly in children, who represent the majority of cases of this disease. Currently, chemotherapy is the most used treatment for the remission of the disease since it generates a survival of approximately 80%. However, treatment can end up destroying normal and healthy cells, such as enzymes and important proteins in the body, which usually have or require trace elements to properly perform their functions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the variation of trace elements in the blood of patients with ALL to verify how chemotherapy can affect the availability of some essential elements. Furthermore, there are also potentially toxic elements that have already been related to the occurrence of various types of cancers. Knowing this, we also sought to determine elements harmful to health in order to investigate possible relationships between them and the occurrence of ALL. For this purpose, sample preparation tests were performed with solubilization in alkaline medium, by using tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) and decomposition in an acid medium. Element concentration was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry (ICP OES) techniques. By means of statistic tests, it was possible to verify that no significant differences in the mean concentration of trace elements were observed in patients submitted to chemotherapy, except for iron (Fe), which increased. The increase of Fe concentration may be associated with blood transfusions that patients were submitted and that can cause Fe overload in the body. It seems that blood transfusions, factors such as feeding and environmental characteristic of the region where the patient resides and LLA have no influences on the trace elements investigated, since no significant differences throughout treatment against ALL were observed. Similarly, the non-essential elements determined also had no significant differences, indicating that patients were not exposed to high levels of these elements during the study period. Consequently, no evidence was observed that correlates ALL with these harmful elements. In relation of sample preparation, treatment with TMAH allows a faster method and requires low volumes of reagent and simple equipment. However, it was not efficient for the solubilization of blood samples since the final solution was cloudy, with presence of solid material, making analysis by ICP-MS or ICP OES impossible. Therefore, acid decomposition was used for sample preparation, where quantitative analyte recovery was achieved through addition and recovery tests. |
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Determinação de oligoelementos e elementos potencialmente tóxicos no sangue de pacientes com leucemia linfocítica agudaDetermination of trace elements and potentially toxic elements in the blood of patients with acute lymphocytic leukemiaLeucemia linfocítica agudaSangueOligoelementosAcute lymphocytic leukemiaBloodTrace elementsCNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICAAcute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is a type of cancer that affects the bone marrow, changing the hematopoietic process due to a genetic mutation that affects the stem cells of lymphoid origin. So, immature lymphoblasts are generated, which have no blood function and accumulate in the bone marrow. This type of cancer occurs mainly in children, who represent the majority of cases of this disease. Currently, chemotherapy is the most used treatment for the remission of the disease since it generates a survival of approximately 80%. However, treatment can end up destroying normal and healthy cells, such as enzymes and important proteins in the body, which usually have or require trace elements to properly perform their functions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the variation of trace elements in the blood of patients with ALL to verify how chemotherapy can affect the availability of some essential elements. Furthermore, there are also potentially toxic elements that have already been related to the occurrence of various types of cancers. Knowing this, we also sought to determine elements harmful to health in order to investigate possible relationships between them and the occurrence of ALL. For this purpose, sample preparation tests were performed with solubilization in alkaline medium, by using tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) and decomposition in an acid medium. Element concentration was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry (ICP OES) techniques. By means of statistic tests, it was possible to verify that no significant differences in the mean concentration of trace elements were observed in patients submitted to chemotherapy, except for iron (Fe), which increased. The increase of Fe concentration may be associated with blood transfusions that patients were submitted and that can cause Fe overload in the body. It seems that blood transfusions, factors such as feeding and environmental characteristic of the region where the patient resides and LLA have no influences on the trace elements investigated, since no significant differences throughout treatment against ALL were observed. Similarly, the non-essential elements determined also had no significant differences, indicating that patients were not exposed to high levels of these elements during the study period. Consequently, no evidence was observed that correlates ALL with these harmful elements. In relation of sample preparation, treatment with TMAH allows a faster method and requires low volumes of reagent and simple equipment. However, it was not efficient for the solubilization of blood samples since the final solution was cloudy, with presence of solid material, making analysis by ICP-MS or ICP OES impossible. Therefore, acid decomposition was used for sample preparation, where quantitative analyte recovery was achieved through addition and recovery tests.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESA leucemia linfocítica aguda (LLA) é um tipo de câncer que acomete a medula óssea, alterando o processo hematopoiético, devido a uma mutação genética que ocorre nas células tronco de origem linfoide. Desta forma, são gerados linfoblastos imaturos, que não possuem função sanguínea e se acumulam na medula óssea. Esse tipo de câncer ocorre principalmente em crianças, as quais representam a maioria dos casos desta doença. Atualmente a quimioterapia é o tratamento mais utilizado para remissão da doença, já que gera uma taxa de sobrevida de aproximadamente 80%. Contudo, o tratamento pode acabar destruindo células normais e saudáveis, como enzimas e proteínas importantes no nosso organismo, as quais geralmente possuem ou necessitem de oligoelementos para que assim exerçam adequadamente suas funções. Desta forma, este trabalho buscou investigar a variação de oligoelementos no sangue de pacientes com LLA para verificar como a quimioterapia pode afetar a disponibilidade de alguns elementos essenciais. Além disso, também existem elementos potencialmente tóxicos que já foram relacionados a ocorrência de diversos tipos de cânceres. Sabendo disso, também buscou-se determinar elementos nocivos à saúde, como forma de investigar possíveis relações entre eles e a ocorrência da LLA. Para tanto, foram realizados estudos de preparo da amostra com solubilização em meio alcalino, com o uso de hidróxido de tetrametilamônio (TMAH), além de decomposição em meio ácido. A determinação elementar foi feita pelas técnicas de espectrometria de massa com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP-MS) e espectrometria de emissão atômica com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP OES). Por meio de testes estatísticos foi possível verificar que no grupo de pacientes estudados não houveram diferenças significativas na média dos oligoelementos ao longo da quimioterapia, exceto para o ferro que teve um aumento considerável. Esse aumento pode estar associado as transfusões sanguíneas que são realizadas nos pacientes e que podem acabar gerando uma sobrecarga de ferro no organismo. Fatores como alimentação, condições ambientais características da região onde o paciente reside, as transfusões sanguíneas e a LLA parecem não estar relacionados aos demais oligoelementos, uma vez que não foram observadas diferenças significativas ao longo do tratamento contra a LLA. Da mesma forma, os elementos não essenciais determinados também não tiveram diferenças significavas, indicando que os pacientes não estavam expostos a presenças elevadas destes elementos durante o período de estudo. Consequentemente, não foram observadas evidências que correlacionem a LLA com estes elementos nocivos. Para a solubilização da amostra com TMAH, pode ser verificado que é um método mais rápido, que necessita de baixos volumes de reagente e requerer equipamentos simples. Contudo, ele não foi eficiente para a solubilização de amostras de sangue, visto que a solução final ficou com aspecto turvo e com presença de material suspenso, sendo um fator que impossibilitou a introdução da solução no ICP-MS. Portanto, a decomposição com ácido foi adotada para o preparo das amostras, onde, através de testes de adição e recuperação dos analitos, foi verificada recuperação quantitativa dos mesmos.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilQuímicaUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em QuímicaCentro de Ciências Naturais e ExatasDressler, Valderi Luizhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4054740296547580Müller, Edson IrineuMüller, Aline Lima HermesMortari, Sergio RobertoPappis, Cristiane2022-08-11T17:16:44Z2022-08-11T17:16:44Z2022-03-17info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/25871porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2022-08-11T17:16:44Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/25871Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2022-08-11T17:16:44Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Determinação de oligoelementos e elementos potencialmente tóxicos no sangue de pacientes com leucemia linfocítica aguda Determination of trace elements and potentially toxic elements in the blood of patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia |
title |
Determinação de oligoelementos e elementos potencialmente tóxicos no sangue de pacientes com leucemia linfocítica aguda |
spellingShingle |
Determinação de oligoelementos e elementos potencialmente tóxicos no sangue de pacientes com leucemia linfocítica aguda Pappis, Cristiane Leucemia linfocítica aguda Sangue Oligoelementos Acute lymphocytic leukemia Blood Trace elements CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA |
title_short |
Determinação de oligoelementos e elementos potencialmente tóxicos no sangue de pacientes com leucemia linfocítica aguda |
title_full |
Determinação de oligoelementos e elementos potencialmente tóxicos no sangue de pacientes com leucemia linfocítica aguda |
title_fullStr |
Determinação de oligoelementos e elementos potencialmente tóxicos no sangue de pacientes com leucemia linfocítica aguda |
title_full_unstemmed |
Determinação de oligoelementos e elementos potencialmente tóxicos no sangue de pacientes com leucemia linfocítica aguda |
title_sort |
Determinação de oligoelementos e elementos potencialmente tóxicos no sangue de pacientes com leucemia linfocítica aguda |
author |
Pappis, Cristiane |
author_facet |
Pappis, Cristiane |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Dressler, Valderi Luiz http://lattes.cnpq.br/4054740296547580 Müller, Edson Irineu Müller, Aline Lima Hermes Mortari, Sergio Roberto |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Pappis, Cristiane |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Leucemia linfocítica aguda Sangue Oligoelementos Acute lymphocytic leukemia Blood Trace elements CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA |
topic |
Leucemia linfocítica aguda Sangue Oligoelementos Acute lymphocytic leukemia Blood Trace elements CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA |
description |
Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is a type of cancer that affects the bone marrow, changing the hematopoietic process due to a genetic mutation that affects the stem cells of lymphoid origin. So, immature lymphoblasts are generated, which have no blood function and accumulate in the bone marrow. This type of cancer occurs mainly in children, who represent the majority of cases of this disease. Currently, chemotherapy is the most used treatment for the remission of the disease since it generates a survival of approximately 80%. However, treatment can end up destroying normal and healthy cells, such as enzymes and important proteins in the body, which usually have or require trace elements to properly perform their functions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the variation of trace elements in the blood of patients with ALL to verify how chemotherapy can affect the availability of some essential elements. Furthermore, there are also potentially toxic elements that have already been related to the occurrence of various types of cancers. Knowing this, we also sought to determine elements harmful to health in order to investigate possible relationships between them and the occurrence of ALL. For this purpose, sample preparation tests were performed with solubilization in alkaline medium, by using tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) and decomposition in an acid medium. Element concentration was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry (ICP OES) techniques. By means of statistic tests, it was possible to verify that no significant differences in the mean concentration of trace elements were observed in patients submitted to chemotherapy, except for iron (Fe), which increased. The increase of Fe concentration may be associated with blood transfusions that patients were submitted and that can cause Fe overload in the body. It seems that blood transfusions, factors such as feeding and environmental characteristic of the region where the patient resides and LLA have no influences on the trace elements investigated, since no significant differences throughout treatment against ALL were observed. Similarly, the non-essential elements determined also had no significant differences, indicating that patients were not exposed to high levels of these elements during the study period. Consequently, no evidence was observed that correlates ALL with these harmful elements. In relation of sample preparation, treatment with TMAH allows a faster method and requires low volumes of reagent and simple equipment. However, it was not efficient for the solubilization of blood samples since the final solution was cloudy, with presence of solid material, making analysis by ICP-MS or ICP OES impossible. Therefore, acid decomposition was used for sample preparation, where quantitative analyte recovery was achieved through addition and recovery tests. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-08-11T17:16:44Z 2022-08-11T17:16:44Z 2022-03-17 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/25871 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/25871 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Química UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Química UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1805922016828588032 |