Alternativas de manejo de pastagem natural submetida a pastoreio rotativo
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2012 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4331 |
Resumo: | This study aimed to evaluate different alternatives for management of natural pasture. Vegetation dynamics was evaluated for a period of six years in a natural pasture, submitted along 16 years to fire and grazing treatments. Furthermore, we evaluated the production and behavior of beef heifers from 12 to 18 months of age, maintained on natural pasture under two grazing frequencies. In the first experiment, the treatments consisted of a combination of burning factors (presence or absence) and grazing (presence or absence), in concave and convex slope positions, in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement of four treatments and two topographic positions. Rotational grazing was used, with intervals calculated by the thermal time (760 degree days) necessary for the emergence of four leaves of Paspalum notatum and Andropogon lateralis. Burning was performed at the end of winter in a bimodal fashion. The treatments excluded from disturbances had a behavior atypical due to a burning caused by a lightning leading vegetation to a succession process. The grazed treatments had a stable prevalence of Paspalum notatum, on concave slope and its association with Andropogon lateralis, in convex slope. Natural grassland proved to be resilient to burning and grazing. However, the use of burning and grazing on concave slope areas can cause a reduction in vegetation diversity. In the second experiment, we evaluated the effect of two defoliation intervals, 375 and 750 degree days (DD), on the productive performance of beef heifers maintained on natural pasture under rotational grazing in the growing season of 2010 and 2011. The experimental design was completely randomized with two treatments and three replications. We evaluated the forage mass, height, green material and dead material in pasture. The performance measurements in animals were evaluated stocking rate, average daily gain and gain/ha. The greatest height, mass of green material, dead material and forage mass were observed in 750 DD treatment. Treatment with 375 DD presented a higher percentage of green material in relation to herbage mass. The highest average daily gain and gain per area were observed in the treatment 375 DD. The shortest interval between grazing permits satisfactory performance in rearing of beef heifers, since the natural pasture is managed with green material above 1500 kg DM/ha and grazing periods lower than three days. In the third experiment were related parameters and performance of grazing animal and its ingestive behavior. Ingestive behavior of heifers was measured as times of grazing, ruminating and resting, bite rate, bites per feeding station, feeding stations per minute, displacement rates by stations and time. The multiple regression equations had coefficients of determination of 48, 68 and 89% for grazing time, average daily gain and gain/ha. The average temperature, day of occupation, number of bites/min and bits per season were the best predictors of ingestive behavior of beef heifers grazing on natural grassland. |
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2017-06-142017-06-142012-02-15GARAGORRY, Fabio Cervo. Management alternatives in natural grassland submitted to rotational grazing. 2012. 210 f. Tese (Doutorado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2012.http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4331This study aimed to evaluate different alternatives for management of natural pasture. Vegetation dynamics was evaluated for a period of six years in a natural pasture, submitted along 16 years to fire and grazing treatments. Furthermore, we evaluated the production and behavior of beef heifers from 12 to 18 months of age, maintained on natural pasture under two grazing frequencies. In the first experiment, the treatments consisted of a combination of burning factors (presence or absence) and grazing (presence or absence), in concave and convex slope positions, in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement of four treatments and two topographic positions. Rotational grazing was used, with intervals calculated by the thermal time (760 degree days) necessary for the emergence of four leaves of Paspalum notatum and Andropogon lateralis. Burning was performed at the end of winter in a bimodal fashion. The treatments excluded from disturbances had a behavior atypical due to a burning caused by a lightning leading vegetation to a succession process. The grazed treatments had a stable prevalence of Paspalum notatum, on concave slope and its association with Andropogon lateralis, in convex slope. Natural grassland proved to be resilient to burning and grazing. However, the use of burning and grazing on concave slope areas can cause a reduction in vegetation diversity. In the second experiment, we evaluated the effect of two defoliation intervals, 375 and 750 degree days (DD), on the productive performance of beef heifers maintained on natural pasture under rotational grazing in the growing season of 2010 and 2011. The experimental design was completely randomized with two treatments and three replications. We evaluated the forage mass, height, green material and dead material in pasture. The performance measurements in animals were evaluated stocking rate, average daily gain and gain/ha. The greatest height, mass of green material, dead material and forage mass were observed in 750 DD treatment. Treatment with 375 DD presented a higher percentage of green material in relation to herbage mass. The highest average daily gain and gain per area were observed in the treatment 375 DD. The shortest interval between grazing permits satisfactory performance in rearing of beef heifers, since the natural pasture is managed with green material above 1500 kg DM/ha and grazing periods lower than three days. In the third experiment were related parameters and performance of grazing animal and its ingestive behavior. Ingestive behavior of heifers was measured as times of grazing, ruminating and resting, bite rate, bites per feeding station, feeding stations per minute, displacement rates by stations and time. The multiple regression equations had coefficients of determination of 48, 68 and 89% for grazing time, average daily gain and gain/ha. The average temperature, day of occupation, number of bites/min and bits per season were the best predictors of ingestive behavior of beef heifers grazing on natural grassland.Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar alternativas de manejo de pastagem natural. Foi avaliada a dinâmica da vegetação por um período de seis anos de uma pastagem natural, submetida ao longo de 16 anos a tratamentos de fogo e pastejo. Além disso, foram avaliadas a produção e o comportamento de novilhas de corte dos 12 aos 18 meses de idade, mantidas em pastagem natural sob duas frequências de desfolha. No primeiro experimento, os tratamentos foram constituídos da associação dos fatores queima (presença ou ausência) e pastejo (presença ou ausência), nas posições de encosta e baixada, num delineamento completamente casualizado com arranjo fatorial de quatro tratamentos e duas posições topográficas. O pastejo foi rotacionado, com intervalos calculados pela soma térmica acumulada (760 graus dia) necessária para o surgimento de quatro folhas das espécies Paspalum notatum e Andropogon lateralis. A queima foi realizada ao final do inverno de forma bimodal. Os tratamentos excluídos de distúrbios tiveram um comportamento atípico devido a uma queima provocada por um raio levando a vegetação a um processo de sucessão. Os tratamentos pastejados foram estáveis com um predomínio das espécies Paspalum notatum, na encosta e de uma associação desta com Andropogon lateralis, na baixada. A pastagem natural mostrou-se resiliente a queima e ao pastejo. Entretanto, o uso da queima e pastejo, em áreas de encosta, pode causar redução na diversidade da vegetação. No segundo experimento foi avaliado o efeito de dois intervalos entre desfolhas de 375 e 750 graus dia (GD), sobre o desempenho produtivo de novilhas de corte mantidas em pastagem natural sob pastoreio rotacionado, na estação de crescimento entre 2010 e 2011. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos e três repetições. Foram avaliados a massa de forragem, altura, material verde e material morto na pastagem. As medidas de desempenho nos animais foram a carga animal, ganho médio diário e ganho/ha. As maiores altura, massa de material verde, material morto e massa de forragem total foram observados com 750 GD. No tratamento com 375 GD foi observado maior percentual de material verde em relação à massa de forragem. Os maiores ganho médio diário e ganho por área foram observados no tratamento 375 GD. O menor intervalo entre pastoreios permite desempenho satisfatório na recria de novilhas de corte, desde que a pastagem natural seja manejada com material verde superior a 1500 kg de MS/ha e com períodos de ocupação de no máximo três dias. No terceiro experimento, foram relacionados os parâmetros da pastagem e de desempenho animal com o comportamento ingestivo dos animais. O comportamento ingestivo das novilhas foi medido pelos tempos de pastejo, de ruminação e de ócio, taxa de bocados, bocados por estação alimentar, estações alimentares por minuto, taxas de deslocamento e tempo por estação. As equações de regressão múltipla apresentaram coeficientes de determinação de 48, 68 e 89% para tempo de pastejo, ganho médio diário e ganho/ha, respectivamente. A temperatura média, os dias de ocupação, número de bocados/min e bocados por estação foram os melhores preditores do comportamento ingestivo das novilhas de corte em pastagem natural.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em ZootecniaUFSMBRZootecniaComportamento ingestivoComposição florísticaDinâmica vegetacionalPastejoProdução animalSoma térmicaFeeding behaviorFloristic compositionVegetation dynamicsGrazingAnimal productionThermal sumCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIAAlternativas de manejo de pastagem natural submetida a pastoreio rotativoManagement alternatives in natural grassland submitted to rotational grazinginfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisQuadros, Fernando Luiz Ferreira dehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780560Z8Pötter, Lucianahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4796005T7Moojen, Eduardo Londerohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4727614D7Nabinger, Carloshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4781775P6Trindade, José Pedro Pereirahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4768375Y0http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4777453P0Garagorry, Fabio Cervo50040000000240030030030030030050087f7a696-584d-4ee4-ad83-13fd043205560a7de0b5-cb5f-426d-b764-e7d70fcbf1e30a396763-33d6-4c4b-9646-cfa9ccf2739ff46c9eb1-947b-405b-99c1-ee96622f04fc77ca9968-495b-4b08-9fa6-f2324ad225f0dbbb39d4-6880-4f8d-a4d4-d06f0a8c8513info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALGARAGORRY, FABIO CERVO.pdfTese de Doutoradoapplication/pdf3366088http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/4331/1/GARAGORRY%2c%20FABIO%20CERVO.pdf51e9951e89908ef3bd4226ef4e540361MD51TEXTGARAGORRY, FABIO CERVO.pdf.txtGARAGORRY, FABIO CERVO.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain550771http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/4331/2/GARAGORRY%2c%20FABIO%20CERVO.pdf.txtc70aad0b3c00765b40965a6812b9d984MD52THUMBNAILGARAGORRY, FABIO CERVO.pdf.jpgGARAGORRY, FABIO CERVO.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg4868http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/4331/3/GARAGORRY%2c%20FABIO%20CERVO.pdf.jpgcb055616885f9a0a2c1eea725be0a98aMD531/43312017-07-25 11:05:54.122oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/4331Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2017-07-25T14:05:54Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Alternativas de manejo de pastagem natural submetida a pastoreio rotativo |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Management alternatives in natural grassland submitted to rotational grazing |
title |
Alternativas de manejo de pastagem natural submetida a pastoreio rotativo |
spellingShingle |
Alternativas de manejo de pastagem natural submetida a pastoreio rotativo Garagorry, Fabio Cervo Comportamento ingestivo Composição florística Dinâmica vegetacional Pastejo Produção animal Soma térmica Feeding behavior Floristic composition Vegetation dynamics Grazing Animal production Thermal sum CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA |
title_short |
Alternativas de manejo de pastagem natural submetida a pastoreio rotativo |
title_full |
Alternativas de manejo de pastagem natural submetida a pastoreio rotativo |
title_fullStr |
Alternativas de manejo de pastagem natural submetida a pastoreio rotativo |
title_full_unstemmed |
Alternativas de manejo de pastagem natural submetida a pastoreio rotativo |
title_sort |
Alternativas de manejo de pastagem natural submetida a pastoreio rotativo |
author |
Garagorry, Fabio Cervo |
author_facet |
Garagorry, Fabio Cervo |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Quadros, Fernando Luiz Ferreira de |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780560Z8 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Pötter, Luciana |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4796005T7 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Moojen, Eduardo Londero |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4727614D7 |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Nabinger, Carlos |
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4781775P6 |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Trindade, José Pedro Pereira |
dc.contributor.referee4Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4768375Y0 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4777453P0 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Garagorry, Fabio Cervo |
contributor_str_mv |
Quadros, Fernando Luiz Ferreira de Pötter, Luciana Moojen, Eduardo Londero Nabinger, Carlos Trindade, José Pedro Pereira |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Comportamento ingestivo Composição florística Dinâmica vegetacional Pastejo Produção animal Soma térmica |
topic |
Comportamento ingestivo Composição florística Dinâmica vegetacional Pastejo Produção animal Soma térmica Feeding behavior Floristic composition Vegetation dynamics Grazing Animal production Thermal sum CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Feeding behavior Floristic composition Vegetation dynamics Grazing Animal production Thermal sum |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA |
description |
This study aimed to evaluate different alternatives for management of natural pasture. Vegetation dynamics was evaluated for a period of six years in a natural pasture, submitted along 16 years to fire and grazing treatments. Furthermore, we evaluated the production and behavior of beef heifers from 12 to 18 months of age, maintained on natural pasture under two grazing frequencies. In the first experiment, the treatments consisted of a combination of burning factors (presence or absence) and grazing (presence or absence), in concave and convex slope positions, in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement of four treatments and two topographic positions. Rotational grazing was used, with intervals calculated by the thermal time (760 degree days) necessary for the emergence of four leaves of Paspalum notatum and Andropogon lateralis. Burning was performed at the end of winter in a bimodal fashion. The treatments excluded from disturbances had a behavior atypical due to a burning caused by a lightning leading vegetation to a succession process. The grazed treatments had a stable prevalence of Paspalum notatum, on concave slope and its association with Andropogon lateralis, in convex slope. Natural grassland proved to be resilient to burning and grazing. However, the use of burning and grazing on concave slope areas can cause a reduction in vegetation diversity. In the second experiment, we evaluated the effect of two defoliation intervals, 375 and 750 degree days (DD), on the productive performance of beef heifers maintained on natural pasture under rotational grazing in the growing season of 2010 and 2011. The experimental design was completely randomized with two treatments and three replications. We evaluated the forage mass, height, green material and dead material in pasture. The performance measurements in animals were evaluated stocking rate, average daily gain and gain/ha. The greatest height, mass of green material, dead material and forage mass were observed in 750 DD treatment. Treatment with 375 DD presented a higher percentage of green material in relation to herbage mass. The highest average daily gain and gain per area were observed in the treatment 375 DD. The shortest interval between grazing permits satisfactory performance in rearing of beef heifers, since the natural pasture is managed with green material above 1500 kg DM/ha and grazing periods lower than three days. In the third experiment were related parameters and performance of grazing animal and its ingestive behavior. Ingestive behavior of heifers was measured as times of grazing, ruminating and resting, bite rate, bites per feeding station, feeding stations per minute, displacement rates by stations and time. The multiple regression equations had coefficients of determination of 48, 68 and 89% for grazing time, average daily gain and gain/ha. The average temperature, day of occupation, number of bites/min and bits per season were the best predictors of ingestive behavior of beef heifers grazing on natural grassland. |
publishDate |
2012 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2012-02-15 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2017-06-14 |
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2017-06-14 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
GARAGORRY, Fabio Cervo. Management alternatives in natural grassland submitted to rotational grazing. 2012. 210 f. Tese (Doutorado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2012. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4331 |
identifier_str_mv |
GARAGORRY, Fabio Cervo. Management alternatives in natural grassland submitted to rotational grazing. 2012. 210 f. Tese (Doutorado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2012. |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4331 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
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500400000002 |
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400 300 300 300 300 300 500 |
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openAccess |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia |
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UFSM |
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BR |
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Zootecnia |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria |
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