Cationização da celulose microcristalina e utilização como floculante para o tratamento de água
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
dARK ID: | ark:/26339/001300000p5nv |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/26844 |
Resumo: | All water intended for human consumption must meet pre-established potability standards, and must be free from any impurity or pathogenic organism. In view of this, to guarantee the required potability standards, it is often necessary to carry out a series of treatment steps. Usually, to perform water treatment, chemicals are used, such as aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride, however, the residuals of these elements are related to neurodegenerative diseases, as well as implying damage to the environment. In view of this, an alternative is the use of organic cationic polymers to replace the chemical products used. Cellulose is one of the most important natural polymers, being the most abundant polysaccharide in nature. However, to use it as a cationic polyelectrolyte it is necessary to make changes in its structure. One of the most used reagents for the production of cellulose cations is 3-chloro-2- hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC). In view of this, the present work sought the production of a cationic polyelectrolyte derived from cellulose, through the cationization process, through the use of the CHPTAC reagent, and its application in the treatment of water, in different pH ranges. The treatment system was simulated using the Jartest equipment, followed by filtration with filter paper. With the study it was concluded that the cationization of cellulose resulted in a degree of substitution of 0.02. And its use as a flocculant resulted in removals of up to 99% for turbidity and 99.6% for color, at pH 3, and a flocculant dosage of 100 mg/L. In the other pH ranges tested (4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) the removals ranged from 66.2 to 97% for color and 88.6 to 97.3% for turbidity, respectively. Thus, the use of cellulosic derivatives are promising alternatives to replace the inorganic coagulants usually used. |
id |
UFSM_ec6e6bc9512a1f1c285e45c22ca51eee |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/26844 |
network_acronym_str |
UFSM |
network_name_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository_id_str |
|
spelling |
Cationização da celulose microcristalina e utilização como floculante para o tratamento de águaCationization of microcrystalline cellulose and its use as a flocculant for water treatmentPolieletrólitos catiônicos3-cloro-2-hidroxipropiltrimetilamônioFloculante orgânicoCationic polyelectrolytes3-Chloro-2-HydroxypropyltrimethylammoniumOrganic flocculantCNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIASAll water intended for human consumption must meet pre-established potability standards, and must be free from any impurity or pathogenic organism. In view of this, to guarantee the required potability standards, it is often necessary to carry out a series of treatment steps. Usually, to perform water treatment, chemicals are used, such as aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride, however, the residuals of these elements are related to neurodegenerative diseases, as well as implying damage to the environment. In view of this, an alternative is the use of organic cationic polymers to replace the chemical products used. Cellulose is one of the most important natural polymers, being the most abundant polysaccharide in nature. However, to use it as a cationic polyelectrolyte it is necessary to make changes in its structure. One of the most used reagents for the production of cellulose cations is 3-chloro-2- hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC). In view of this, the present work sought the production of a cationic polyelectrolyte derived from cellulose, through the cationization process, through the use of the CHPTAC reagent, and its application in the treatment of water, in different pH ranges. The treatment system was simulated using the Jartest equipment, followed by filtration with filter paper. With the study it was concluded that the cationization of cellulose resulted in a degree of substitution of 0.02. And its use as a flocculant resulted in removals of up to 99% for turbidity and 99.6% for color, at pH 3, and a flocculant dosage of 100 mg/L. In the other pH ranges tested (4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) the removals ranged from 66.2 to 97% for color and 88.6 to 97.3% for turbidity, respectively. Thus, the use of cellulosic derivatives are promising alternatives to replace the inorganic coagulants usually used.Toda água destinada para consumo humano deve atender padrões de potabilidade pré estabelecidos, devendo estar isenta de qualquer impureza ou organismo patógeno. Frente a isso, para garantir os padrões de potabilidade exigidos, muitas vezes se faz necessário realizar uma série de etapas de tratamento. Usualmente, para realizar o tratamento da água, são utilizados produtos químicos, como sulfato de alumínio e cloreto férrico, no entanto, os residuais desses elementos estão relacionados a doenças neurodegenerativas, bem como, implicam em danos ao meio ambiente. Frente a isso, uma alternativa é a utilização de polímeros catiônicos orgânicos em substituição aos produtos químicos utilizados. A celulose é um dos mais importantes polímeros naturais, sendo o polissacarídeo mais abundante na natureza. Contudo, para utiliza-la como polieletrólito catiônico é necessário realizar modificações na sua estrutura. Um dos reagentes mais utilizados para produção de catiônicos da celulose é o cloreto de 3-cloro-2-hidroxipropiltrimetilamônio (CHPTAC). Frente a isto, o presente trabalho buscou a produção de um polieletrólito catiônico derivado da celulose, por meio do processo de cationização, através da utilização do reagente CHPTAC, e aplicação deste no tratamento de água, em diferentes faixas de pH. O sistema de tratamento foi simulado através do equipamento Jartest, seguido de filtração com papel filtro. Com o estudo concluiu-se que a cationização da celulose resultou em grau de substituição de 0,02. E a utilização desta como floculante, resultou em remoções de até 99% para turbidez e 99,6% para cor, em pH 3, e dosagem de floculante de 100 mg/L. Nas demais faixas de pH testadas (4, 5, 6, 7 e 8) as remoções variaram de 66,2 a 97% para cor e 88,6 a 97,3% para turbidez, respectivamente. Com isso, a utilização dos derivados celulósicos se mostram alternativas promissoras na substituição aos coagulantes inorgânicos usualmente utilizados.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilCiências AmbientaisUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia AmbientalUFSM Frederico WestphalenWastowski, Arci Dirceuhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7381394178075740Rosa, Genesio Mário daMedeiros, Raphael CorrêaCruz, Rafael CabralGrade, Bruna Thais Lauer2022-11-11T14:42:31Z2022-11-11T14:42:31Z2022-10-10info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/26844ark:/26339/001300000p5nvporAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2022-11-11T14:42:31Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/26844Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2022-11-11T14:42:31Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Cationização da celulose microcristalina e utilização como floculante para o tratamento de água Cationization of microcrystalline cellulose and its use as a flocculant for water treatment |
title |
Cationização da celulose microcristalina e utilização como floculante para o tratamento de água |
spellingShingle |
Cationização da celulose microcristalina e utilização como floculante para o tratamento de água Grade, Bruna Thais Lauer Polieletrólitos catiônicos 3-cloro-2-hidroxipropiltrimetilamônio Floculante orgânico Cationic polyelectrolytes 3-Chloro-2-Hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium Organic flocculant CNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIAS |
title_short |
Cationização da celulose microcristalina e utilização como floculante para o tratamento de água |
title_full |
Cationização da celulose microcristalina e utilização como floculante para o tratamento de água |
title_fullStr |
Cationização da celulose microcristalina e utilização como floculante para o tratamento de água |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cationização da celulose microcristalina e utilização como floculante para o tratamento de água |
title_sort |
Cationização da celulose microcristalina e utilização como floculante para o tratamento de água |
author |
Grade, Bruna Thais Lauer |
author_facet |
Grade, Bruna Thais Lauer |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Wastowski, Arci Dirceu http://lattes.cnpq.br/7381394178075740 Rosa, Genesio Mário da Medeiros, Raphael Corrêa Cruz, Rafael Cabral |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Grade, Bruna Thais Lauer |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Polieletrólitos catiônicos 3-cloro-2-hidroxipropiltrimetilamônio Floculante orgânico Cationic polyelectrolytes 3-Chloro-2-Hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium Organic flocculant CNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIAS |
topic |
Polieletrólitos catiônicos 3-cloro-2-hidroxipropiltrimetilamônio Floculante orgânico Cationic polyelectrolytes 3-Chloro-2-Hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium Organic flocculant CNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIAS |
description |
All water intended for human consumption must meet pre-established potability standards, and must be free from any impurity or pathogenic organism. In view of this, to guarantee the required potability standards, it is often necessary to carry out a series of treatment steps. Usually, to perform water treatment, chemicals are used, such as aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride, however, the residuals of these elements are related to neurodegenerative diseases, as well as implying damage to the environment. In view of this, an alternative is the use of organic cationic polymers to replace the chemical products used. Cellulose is one of the most important natural polymers, being the most abundant polysaccharide in nature. However, to use it as a cationic polyelectrolyte it is necessary to make changes in its structure. One of the most used reagents for the production of cellulose cations is 3-chloro-2- hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC). In view of this, the present work sought the production of a cationic polyelectrolyte derived from cellulose, through the cationization process, through the use of the CHPTAC reagent, and its application in the treatment of water, in different pH ranges. The treatment system was simulated using the Jartest equipment, followed by filtration with filter paper. With the study it was concluded that the cationization of cellulose resulted in a degree of substitution of 0.02. And its use as a flocculant resulted in removals of up to 99% for turbidity and 99.6% for color, at pH 3, and a flocculant dosage of 100 mg/L. In the other pH ranges tested (4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) the removals ranged from 66.2 to 97% for color and 88.6 to 97.3% for turbidity, respectively. Thus, the use of cellulosic derivatives are promising alternatives to replace the inorganic coagulants usually used. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-11-11T14:42:31Z 2022-11-11T14:42:31Z 2022-10-10 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/26844 |
dc.identifier.dark.fl_str_mv |
ark:/26339/001300000p5nv |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/26844 |
identifier_str_mv |
ark:/26339/001300000p5nv |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Ciências Ambientais UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental UFSM Frederico Westphalen |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Ciências Ambientais UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental UFSM Frederico Westphalen |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1815172371442565120 |