Aspectos psicológicos em usuários de prótese ocular
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2003 |
Outros Autores: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0004-27492003000500018 http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/1852 |
Resumo: | PURPOSE: To evaluate psychological disturbances caused by acquired unilateral anophthalmia, the struggle for aesthetic recuperation on use of the ocular prosthesis, as well as involved interpersonal factors and psychosocial reintegration of these patients. METHOD: Thirty (30) patients with acquired unilateral anophthalmia without any other deformities in the orbital region and users of ocular prosthesis (16 males, 14 females) aged between 12 and 66 years, mean age 31.6 years, were submitted to an ophthalmic examination and psychological evaluation through a standardized questionnaire focusing on 66 questions lasting two hours in the period from January, 2000 to March, 2001. RESULT: The highest incidence of acquired anophthalmia (47%) was in the age ranging from 0 to 6 years old. Seventy (70)% of the patients are in the process of elaboration of their loss (n=21). The most used mechanisms of defense in the current situation were rationalization, repression, denial and displacement. Thirty (30)% accept the present situation. After the triggering event (TE) 36% manifested a depressive state 64% of whom got over the symptoms of depression. Sixty percent (60%) adapted the ocular prosthesis right after the surgical treatment while 40% adapted it two or more years after the TE. Aesthetically 70% are satisfied while 30% are unsatisfied. Fifty-three (53)% show low self-steem, 37% distorted self-image. CONCLUSION: An integration among various elements of the multidisciplinary team made up of surgeons, ocularists, psychologists and support from family and friends is fundamental during the whole process of mourning due to the loss. A positive attitude towards the person dealing with the issue minimizes the loss in all of its aspects, offering recovery of interpersonal aspects and psychosocial reintegration as he/she is given adequate resources to become more secure. The prosthesis has two functions: on the one hand it returns to the patient self-image and self-steem allowing his/her exposure without discrimination, which allows his psychosocial reintegration. On the other hand it becomes an instrument, which removes the possibility of the loss to be lived in its totality, which contributes to behavior of repression of the patients instead of acceptance of the new reality - mainly when the prosthesis is adapted after the TE. There is no direct relationship between the obtained aesthetic result and the degree of satisfaction of the patients. Prejudice is another important factor because it may interfere or not in the rehabilitation. |
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Aspectos psicológicos em usuários de prótese ocularPsychological aspects in ocular prosthesis usersEye, artificialOrbital implantsAnophthalmosEye enucleationPrejudiceAdultAdolescentMaleFemaleOlho artificialImplantes orbitáriosAnoftalmiaEnucleação ocularPreconceitoAdultoAdolescenteMasculinoFemininoPURPOSE: To evaluate psychological disturbances caused by acquired unilateral anophthalmia, the struggle for aesthetic recuperation on use of the ocular prosthesis, as well as involved interpersonal factors and psychosocial reintegration of these patients. METHOD: Thirty (30) patients with acquired unilateral anophthalmia without any other deformities in the orbital region and users of ocular prosthesis (16 males, 14 females) aged between 12 and 66 years, mean age 31.6 years, were submitted to an ophthalmic examination and psychological evaluation through a standardized questionnaire focusing on 66 questions lasting two hours in the period from January, 2000 to March, 2001. RESULT: The highest incidence of acquired anophthalmia (47%) was in the age ranging from 0 to 6 years old. Seventy (70)% of the patients are in the process of elaboration of their loss (n=21). The most used mechanisms of defense in the current situation were rationalization, repression, denial and displacement. Thirty (30)% accept the present situation. After the triggering event (TE) 36% manifested a depressive state 64% of whom got over the symptoms of depression. Sixty percent (60%) adapted the ocular prosthesis right after the surgical treatment while 40% adapted it two or more years after the TE. Aesthetically 70% are satisfied while 30% are unsatisfied. Fifty-three (53)% show low self-steem, 37% distorted self-image. CONCLUSION: An integration among various elements of the multidisciplinary team made up of surgeons, ocularists, psychologists and support from family and friends is fundamental during the whole process of mourning due to the loss. A positive attitude towards the person dealing with the issue minimizes the loss in all of its aspects, offering recovery of interpersonal aspects and psychosocial reintegration as he/she is given adequate resources to become more secure. The prosthesis has two functions: on the one hand it returns to the patient self-image and self-steem allowing his/her exposure without discrimination, which allows his psychosocial reintegration. On the other hand it becomes an instrument, which removes the possibility of the loss to be lived in its totality, which contributes to behavior of repression of the patients instead of acceptance of the new reality - mainly when the prosthesis is adapted after the TE. There is no direct relationship between the obtained aesthetic result and the degree of satisfaction of the patients. Prejudice is another important factor because it may interfere or not in the rehabilitation.OBJETIVO: Avaliar os aspectos psicológicos decorrentes da anoftalmia unilateral adquirida, a luta pela recuperação estética com o uso de prótese ocular, assim como os fatores interpessoais envolvidos e a reintegração psicossocial destes pacientes. MÉTODO: Trinta pacientes portadores de anoftalmia unilateral adquirida, sem outras deformidades órbito-palpebrais e usuários de prótese ocular, sendo 16 do sexo masculino e 14 feminino, com idade variando de 12 a 66 anos, idade média 31,6 anos foram submetidos a exame oftalmológico e avaliação psicológica, por meio de questionário padronizado e semidirigido de 66 questões, com duração média de 2 horas no período de janeiro/2000 a março/2001. RESULTADOS: A maior incidência de anoftalmia adquirida (47%) está na faixa etária de 0 a 6 anos. Setenta por cento dos pacientes estão em processo de elaboração da perda (n=21) e os mecanismos de defesa mais utilizados em face da situação instalada foram racionalização, repressão, negação e deslocamento. Trinta por cento aceitam a realidade atual. Após o evento desencadeador (ED) 37% manifestaram estado depressivo, tendo desaparecido os sintomas em 64% deles. Sessenta por cento adaptaram a prótese ocular (PO) logo após o tratamento cirúrgico ao passo que 40% adaptaram-na 2 ou mais anos após o ED. Esteticamente 70% estão satisfeitos ao passo que 30% estão insatisfeitos. Cinqüenta e três por cento revelam auto-estima rebaixada e 37% auto-imagem distorcida. CONCLUSÃO: A integração entre os vários elementos da equipe multidisciplinar constituída por cirurgiões, protéticos, psicólogos e o apoio da família é fundamental durante todo o processo de luto instalado pela perda. Atitude positiva para com a pessoa acometida facilita a vivência da perda em sua totalidade, o que proporcionará a reestruturação dos aspectos interpessoais e reintegração psicossocial da pessoa, pois os recursos de enfrentamento delas estarão fortalecidos. A prótese exerce dupla função, pois de um lado devolve ao paciente sua auto-imagem e auto-estima, possibilitando sua reintegração psicossocial, enquanto por outro lado, pode tornar-se um instrumento que afasta a possibilidade da perda ser vivenciada em sua totalidade, contribuindo para que esses indivíduos adotem atitudes de repressão diante da realidade instalada. Não há relação direta entre o resultado estético obtido com o grau de satisfação do paciente. O preconceito é outro fator importante, pois pode interferir ou não na reabilitação do sujeito, dependendo do comportamento que apresente diante da sociedade.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo Departamento de OftalmologiaHospital Sírio LibanêsSanta Casa de Misericórdia de Santo Amaro Setor de Plástica OcularUniversidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina Hospital das ClínicasUNIFESP, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo Depto. de OftalmologiaSciELOConselho Brasileiro de OftalmologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Hospital Sírio LibanêsSanta Casa de Misericórdia de Santo Amaro Setor de Plástica OcularUniversidade de São Paulo (USP)Botelho, Nara Lucia Poli [UNIFESP]Volpini, MarcosMoura, Eurípedes Da Mota2015-06-14T13:30:08Z2015-06-14T13:30:08Z2003-10-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion637-646application/pdfhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0004-27492003000500018Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia. Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, v. 66, n. 5, p. 637-646, 2003.10.1590/S0004-27492003000500018S0004-27492003000500018.pdf0004-2749S0004-27492003000500018http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/1852porArquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologiainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNIFESPinstname:Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)instacron:UNIFESP2024-08-04T10:12:42Zoai:repositorio.unifesp.br/:11600/1852Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://www.repositorio.unifesp.br/oai/requestbiblioteca.csp@unifesp.bropendoar:34652024-08-04T10:12:42Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP - Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Aspectos psicológicos em usuários de prótese ocular Psychological aspects in ocular prosthesis users |
title |
Aspectos psicológicos em usuários de prótese ocular |
spellingShingle |
Aspectos psicológicos em usuários de prótese ocular Botelho, Nara Lucia Poli [UNIFESP] Eye, artificial Orbital implants Anophthalmos Eye enucleation Prejudice Adult Adolescent Male Female Olho artificial Implantes orbitários Anoftalmia Enucleação ocular Preconceito Adulto Adolescente Masculino Feminino |
title_short |
Aspectos psicológicos em usuários de prótese ocular |
title_full |
Aspectos psicológicos em usuários de prótese ocular |
title_fullStr |
Aspectos psicológicos em usuários de prótese ocular |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aspectos psicológicos em usuários de prótese ocular |
title_sort |
Aspectos psicológicos em usuários de prótese ocular |
author |
Botelho, Nara Lucia Poli [UNIFESP] |
author_facet |
Botelho, Nara Lucia Poli [UNIFESP] Volpini, Marcos Moura, Eurípedes Da Mota |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Volpini, Marcos Moura, Eurípedes Da Mota |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Hospital Sírio Libanês Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Santo Amaro Setor de Plástica Ocular Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Botelho, Nara Lucia Poli [UNIFESP] Volpini, Marcos Moura, Eurípedes Da Mota |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Eye, artificial Orbital implants Anophthalmos Eye enucleation Prejudice Adult Adolescent Male Female Olho artificial Implantes orbitários Anoftalmia Enucleação ocular Preconceito Adulto Adolescente Masculino Feminino |
topic |
Eye, artificial Orbital implants Anophthalmos Eye enucleation Prejudice Adult Adolescent Male Female Olho artificial Implantes orbitários Anoftalmia Enucleação ocular Preconceito Adulto Adolescente Masculino Feminino |
description |
PURPOSE: To evaluate psychological disturbances caused by acquired unilateral anophthalmia, the struggle for aesthetic recuperation on use of the ocular prosthesis, as well as involved interpersonal factors and psychosocial reintegration of these patients. METHOD: Thirty (30) patients with acquired unilateral anophthalmia without any other deformities in the orbital region and users of ocular prosthesis (16 males, 14 females) aged between 12 and 66 years, mean age 31.6 years, were submitted to an ophthalmic examination and psychological evaluation through a standardized questionnaire focusing on 66 questions lasting two hours in the period from January, 2000 to March, 2001. RESULT: The highest incidence of acquired anophthalmia (47%) was in the age ranging from 0 to 6 years old. Seventy (70)% of the patients are in the process of elaboration of their loss (n=21). The most used mechanisms of defense in the current situation were rationalization, repression, denial and displacement. Thirty (30)% accept the present situation. After the triggering event (TE) 36% manifested a depressive state 64% of whom got over the symptoms of depression. Sixty percent (60%) adapted the ocular prosthesis right after the surgical treatment while 40% adapted it two or more years after the TE. Aesthetically 70% are satisfied while 30% are unsatisfied. Fifty-three (53)% show low self-steem, 37% distorted self-image. CONCLUSION: An integration among various elements of the multidisciplinary team made up of surgeons, ocularists, psychologists and support from family and friends is fundamental during the whole process of mourning due to the loss. A positive attitude towards the person dealing with the issue minimizes the loss in all of its aspects, offering recovery of interpersonal aspects and psychosocial reintegration as he/she is given adequate resources to become more secure. The prosthesis has two functions: on the one hand it returns to the patient self-image and self-steem allowing his/her exposure without discrimination, which allows his psychosocial reintegration. On the other hand it becomes an instrument, which removes the possibility of the loss to be lived in its totality, which contributes to behavior of repression of the patients instead of acceptance of the new reality - mainly when the prosthesis is adapted after the TE. There is no direct relationship between the obtained aesthetic result and the degree of satisfaction of the patients. Prejudice is another important factor because it may interfere or not in the rehabilitation. |
publishDate |
2003 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2003-10-01 2015-06-14T13:30:08Z 2015-06-14T13:30:08Z |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0004-27492003000500018 Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia. Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, v. 66, n. 5, p. 637-646, 2003. 10.1590/S0004-27492003000500018 S0004-27492003000500018.pdf 0004-2749 S0004-27492003000500018 http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/1852 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0004-27492003000500018 http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/1852 |
identifier_str_mv |
Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia. Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, v. 66, n. 5, p. 637-646, 2003. 10.1590/S0004-27492003000500018 S0004-27492003000500018.pdf 0004-2749 S0004-27492003000500018 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
637-646 application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP instname:Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) instacron:UNIFESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) |
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UNIFESP |
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UNIFESP |
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Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP |
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Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP |
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Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP - Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
biblioteca.csp@unifesp.br |
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1814268405331525632 |