Impacto do Método Canguru em recém-nascidos de baixo peso

• Autor(a) principal: Melo, Adriana de Medeiros [UNIFESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=5497000; http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/50047
• topic: Kangaroo method; Low birth weight newborn; Breastfeeding; Development; Nutritional status; Método canguru; Recém-nascido de baixo peso; Aleitamento materno; Desenvolvimento; Estado nutricional

Objective: To evaluate the impact of the Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) on breastfeeding, motor development and nutritional status in low birth weight newborns in a public maternity hospital in the city of Maceió - Alagoas. Methods: This is a prospective controlled cohort study carried out from January 2014 to July 2015 at Santa Mônica School Maternity (MESM)-UNCISAL, located in the City of Maceió - AL. The sample consisted of 128 groups of mothers and their preterm and low birth weight infants, of which 65 were in the kangaroo accommodation (G-kangaroo); and 63 in the roming-in (G-alcon). The babies were evaluated in two stages: firstly, during hospitalization; and secondly, around 4 to 5 months of hospital discharge. The following procedures were performed: breastfeeding rate research; Nutritional assessment of the baby; Assessment of the baby's oral sensory motor system; And Test of Motor Infant Performance (TIMP). We used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 16.0 for the statistical analysis and Student's t test, chi-square and Fisher's exact test. The inter-rater concordance for the analysis of TIMP videos was performed by the Kappa concordance index. The level of significance was set at 5% in all tests. Results: There was a predominance of female infants for both groups: 53% (35/65) in G-kangaroo and 58.7% (37/63) in G-alcon. Regarding the birth weight, the G-kangaroo stands out for 47.7% (31/65) of infants with extremely low weight, while in G-alcon, it was 100% of low birth weight infants. At the time of the first evaluation (TIMP1), exclusive breastfeeding predominated for the two groups, with no significant difference: 73.8% (48/65) in G-kangaroo and 63.5% (40/63) in G-alcon. The two groups presented a similar profile in the overall development of the motor sensory system. The majority of infants presented atypical motor development according to the classification of the Z score, being 78.5% (51/65) for the G-kangaroo and 95.2% (60/63) in G-alcon. The nutritional status in the first evaluation presented a significant difference with 43.1% (28/65) for the G-kangaroo group and 15.8% (10/63) for G-alcon at nutritional risk. In the second evaluation, after discharge, significant difference was observed in exclusive breastfeeding favoring G-kangaroo compared to the G-alcon group: 29.2% (19/65) vs 6.3% (4/63). There was no difference between the two groups in the proportion of atypical motor development, with improvement in relation to TIMP1 52.3% (34/65) and 68.3% (43/63). Conclusions: Low-weight infants participating in the Kangaroo Mother Care had better rates of breastfeeding and nutritional recovery in the prospective follow-up compared to infants under the Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) presented a significant improvement in breastfeeding and nutritional recovery in the G-kangaroo group compared to those under traditional care.