Efeitos de uma intervenção dietética com elevado teor de proteínas em parâmetros de sono, composição corporal e metabólicos em indivíduos obesos com apneia obstrutiva do sono

• Autor(a) principal: Melo, Camila Maria de [UNIFESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=5072663; https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/50419
• topic: Sleep; Sleep apnea, obstructive; Obesity; Body composition; Dietary proteins; Apneia obstrutiva do sono; Obesidade; Sono; Composição corporal; Proteínas na dieta

Background: Obesity represents the major risk factor for the development od Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and weight loss can contributes with OSA and metabolic improvements. Diets with higher protein contents have been used successfully to weight loss in obese individuals. Aims: To evaluate the effects of an intervention with moderate energy restriction and high protein content on body composition, energy expenditure, risk factors for chronic diseases and sleep parameters in obese and OSA patients. Methods: Male, obese and OSA patients were included in the study. Participants were distributed into two dietary intervention groups of one month duration. Both groups were instructed to follow a 30% of total energy expenditure energy restriction diet. The control group (CTL) consumed a normal macronutrient composition diet (0.8g of PTN/kg/day), and the protein group (PTN) was instructed to consume a high protein diet (1.6g of PTN/Kg/day). Before and after the intervention, all participants were submitted to the following evaluations: nocturnal polysomnography, body composition measurements by plethysmography, resting energy expenditure (GER) by indirect calorimetry, food consumption, blood collection for glucose, lipide and hormonal profile determination. Results: There were no differences in body composition, GER and energy intake among OSA severity groups. The mean reduction in body mass was similar in both groups (-3.7 ± 2.0% for the CHO group and -4.0 ± 1.5% for the PTN group). Changes in anthropometric measurements and body composition were also similar among groups. There were no significant changes in resting energy expenditure between groups, but a reduction of ≈180kcal / day in the CHO group and 110kcal / day was observed. There was a 38% reduction in AHI in the CHO group and 46% in the PTN group. In addition, both interventions were able to contribute to reducing metabolic diseases risk. Conclusion: We concluded that only one month of diet intervention for weitgh loss with moderate energy restriction result in significant improvements in OSA severity and metabolic profile. Also, increased protein intake during a short-term intervention does not present any additional effects on OSA severity, body composition, GER and biochemical parameters than a normal composition diet.