Diversidade e biogeografia das espécies arbóreas da tribo Crotoneae (Euphorbiaceae) na floresta atlântica

• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Rafaela Freitas dos [UNIFESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=3655574; http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/46255
• topic: Areas of endemism; Brasiliocroton; Conservation; Croton; Taxonomy; Áreas de endemismo; Brasiliocroton; Conservação; Croton; Taxonomia

The Atlantic Forest is considered one of the world's hotspots of biodiversity and, even with the growing threat to its ecosystems, has a high level of biological diversity and endemism. Euphorbiaceae is one of the largest, most diverse and complex families of Angiosperms, with about 6300 species in almost all regions of the planet. The family has great importance in brazilian flora with almost 1000 occurring in all phytogeographical domains of the country, being one of the most diverse botanical families within Atlantic Rain Forest. The genera of the tribe Crotoneae occurring in the Atlantic Forest are the following: Astraea, Brasiliocroton and Croton. Among them, Croton is considered one of the most diverse angiosperm genera within the Atlantic Forest. Considering the high diversity and importance of Crotoneae tribe in the Atlantic Forest, this work aimed: to carry out a survey of arborescent species of the tribe occurring on that phytogeographical domain, identify the distribution patterns and areas of endemism of those species in the Atlantic Forest and evaluate their conservation status. Based on the analysis of herbaria material and observations of the species in their natural habitats, were recognized 24 arborescent species of the tribe Crotoneae in the Atlantic Forest, which about 77% are endemic to this phytogeographical domain. The genera with are with arborescent representants in the Atlantic Forest are: Brasiliocroton, with two species , and Croton, with 22 species (of which 4 occurs beyond the limits of the Atlantic Forest domain). These species are distributed in two patterns: species of South Atlantic Foresta and the Northern Atlantic Forest, separate for Doce river. Two areas of endemism were detected for the studied taxa: Bahia, bounded by the Doce river and Baia de Todos os Santos, and Serra do Mar, with altitudinal gradient as possible barriers. Therefore, this study increased the knowledge of Crotoneae tribe of genres in Brazil and in the Neotropics.