Avaliação audiométrica nas diferentes apresentações clínicas da Otite média

• Autor(a) principal: Araujo, Ana Luiza Papi Kasemodel De [UNIFESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=7728860; https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/59614
• topic: Average Otitis; Hearing Loss; Neurosensory; Hearing Loss; Buzz; Audiometry; Otite Média; Perda Auditiva; Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial; Zumbido; Audiometria

Intruduction: Otitis media consists in a spectrum of correlated diseases: acute otitis media, otitis media with effusion and chronic otitis media (non-suppurative, noncholesteatomatous suppurative and cholesteatomatous). Hearing loss is the most frequent sequel of otitis media. However, there is no previous study comparing the audiometric thresholds among the different forms of otitis media. Objectives: To assess the hearing thresholds in otitis media patients and to compare the hearing outcomes with non-diseased ears (in bilateral cases) or contralateral healthy ears (in unilateral cases). Methods: Cross sectional, controlled study. We performed conventional audiometry (5008000 Hz) and tympanometry in patients with otitis media. Hearing loss was considered when the hearing thresholds were > 25 dBHL. Results: Of the 112 patients diagnosed with otitis media (151 ears), 48 were men (42,86%) and 64 were women (57,14%). The average age was 42,72 years. Of those, 25 (22,32%) were diagnosed as AOM, 15 (13,39%) were diagnosed with OME and the remaining 72 (63.28%) were diagnosed with COM (non-suppurative COM, n=31; suppurative COM, n=18; cholesteatomatous COM, n=23). As compared with controls, all forms of otitis media had significantly higher boneconduction thresholds (500-4000 Hz). Conductive hearing loss was the most frequent type of hearing loss (58,94%). However, the number of patients with mixed hearing loss was also relevant (39,07%). We noted that the presence of sensorioneural component occurred more frequently in: 1) higher frequencies; and 2) in groups of otitis media that were more active or severe in the inflammatory/infective standpoint (AOM, suppurative COM and cholesteatomatous COM). Conclusion: All types of otitis media, even those with infrequent episodes of inflammation and otorrhea, had worse bone conduction thresholds as compared with nondiseased ears (p<0,01). We observed worse hearing outcomes in ears with recurrent episodes of otorrhea and in ears with AOM, especially in high frequencies.