A crise de austeridade e o Welfare State na União Europeia

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Letícia Soares [UNIFESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/60568
• topic: Estado de Bem-Estar Social; União Europeia; Austeridade; Troika; Globalização; Zona do Euro

The European Union is one of the most consolidated regional groups of nowadays, being known for its vast institutionality with regard to social rights, elucidated in the Maastricht Treaty (1992) and, in a more direct manner, in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (2000). Regardless, despite this characteristic, the Welfare State is not a community competence, what makes emerge the issue of effectiveness, questioning the extent to which the forecasts contained in these documents would be met, since it is up to each member state adopt the social policies it considers necessary. In addendum, monetary policy is established by Brussels, in turn, fiscal policy is a field where competences are divided: though the Member States can use fiscal maneuvers, there are economic criteria that must be respected (specifically, the “Maastricht criteria”). After the advent of the Subprime Crisis (2008), the effects of this Crisis leaves reflections around the world, being that, in the European continent, these consequences are symbolised by the rise of European Banking and Debt Crisis – economic weaknesses of certain Member States become visible and, more than this, are taken to a critical point. In this scenario, the Welfare State becomes a threatened institution, given that the policies encompassed under this sphere are now considered expensive, contrary to obtaining economic “balance”. After that Crisis, would the “European Welfare State” be ruined? Going a little further, would the European Union have known the limitations of its integration, coming to the conclusion that the maintenance of the Eurozone is not feasible, given the existence of member states so different from each other?