Análise de pellets nas praias do litoral paulista e seus efeitos ecotoxicológicos em ambientes marinhos
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP |
Texto Completo: | https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=3656945 http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/47529 |
Resumo: | Pellets are small grains of resin with a few millimeters (>5 mm), produced and used in large scale, that are among the most found debris in beaches all over the world. It is persistent materials and usually adsorb chemicals compounds, representing a strong harmful to the marine animals and coastal environment in general. This study aim to evaluate the pellets density in the superficial layer in beaches in São Paulo coast, trying to establish a relationship between the spatial distribution along the coast and the distance from a pellet source. We tested the hypothesis that the pellets in the superficial layer were concentrated close to the Santos port, because it is the main pellets source for the area. Then, we tested the toxicity to marine organism and some factors that contribute to this toxicity, like pellets coloration, sampling site (beach) and the density find in the São Paulo coast. To the pellets distribution, twelve beaches were selected in São Paulo coast, with different distances of Santos port. Pellets were collected in the superficial sand layer (5 cm), on the high upper beach limit, with twenty samples per beach. For the ecotoxicity assays, pellets were manually and actively collected in two beaches in two contaminated areas in different levels. These assays were tested with urchin (Lytechinus variegatus), amphipod (Tiburonella viscana) and copepod (Nitokra sp.), in acute and chronic assay. It was noted a decreasing gradient of pellets density along the São Paulo coast, both north and south of Santos port, with higher densities inside the Santos bay, where the port is located. Beyond to the port distance, several other factors may have influenced the dispersion of pellets in São Paulo coast, including environmental factors not assessed in this study, like wind and superficial currents direction and the coast geography, that seem to be a important factor to pellets dispersion in coastal areas. Pellets showed chronic toxicity for both tested organism (L. variegatus and Nitokra sp.) at extremely high densities, however, they were not capable to confer acute toxicity in densities founded in São Paulo Beaches for and literature for T. viscana. The high variability of adsorbed contaminants concentration in each pellet can be a factor with more influence for the pellet toxicity, than the pellets density factor tested in this study. |
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Análise de pellets nas praias do litoral paulista e seus efeitos ecotoxicológicos em ambientes marinhosPelletsEcotoxicologyNitokra spLytechinus variegatusTiburonella viscanaPelletsEcotoxicologiaNitokra spLytechinus variegatusTiburonella viscanaPellets are small grains of resin with a few millimeters (>5 mm), produced and used in large scale, that are among the most found debris in beaches all over the world. It is persistent materials and usually adsorb chemicals compounds, representing a strong harmful to the marine animals and coastal environment in general. This study aim to evaluate the pellets density in the superficial layer in beaches in São Paulo coast, trying to establish a relationship between the spatial distribution along the coast and the distance from a pellet source. We tested the hypothesis that the pellets in the superficial layer were concentrated close to the Santos port, because it is the main pellets source for the area. Then, we tested the toxicity to marine organism and some factors that contribute to this toxicity, like pellets coloration, sampling site (beach) and the density find in the São Paulo coast. To the pellets distribution, twelve beaches were selected in São Paulo coast, with different distances of Santos port. Pellets were collected in the superficial sand layer (5 cm), on the high upper beach limit, with twenty samples per beach. For the ecotoxicity assays, pellets were manually and actively collected in two beaches in two contaminated areas in different levels. These assays were tested with urchin (Lytechinus variegatus), amphipod (Tiburonella viscana) and copepod (Nitokra sp.), in acute and chronic assay. It was noted a decreasing gradient of pellets density along the São Paulo coast, both north and south of Santos port, with higher densities inside the Santos bay, where the port is located. Beyond to the port distance, several other factors may have influenced the dispersion of pellets in São Paulo coast, including environmental factors not assessed in this study, like wind and superficial currents direction and the coast geography, that seem to be a important factor to pellets dispersion in coastal areas. Pellets showed chronic toxicity for both tested organism (L. variegatus and Nitokra sp.) at extremely high densities, however, they were not capable to confer acute toxicity in densities founded in São Paulo Beaches for and literature for T. viscana. The high variability of adsorbed contaminants concentration in each pellet can be a factor with more influence for the pellet toxicity, than the pellets density factor tested in this study.Pellets são pequenos grânulos de resina com poucos milímetros (>5 mm), produzidos e utilizados em grande escala, que estão entre os resíduos sólidos mais encontrados em praias em todo o mundo. São materiais persistentes e geralmente adsorvem compostos químicos, representando uma forte ameaça para a fauna marinha e o ambiente costeiro em geral. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a densidade de pellets na camada superficial do sedimento em praias do litoral de São Paulo, tentando estabelecer uma relação entre a distribuição espacial ao longo do litoral paulista e a distância de uma fonte emissora de pellets. Testamos a hipótese de que os pellets presentes na camada superficial estejam concentrados nas proximidades da zona portuária de Santos, por se tratar do principal emissor de pellets da região. Em seguida, testamos a toxicidade dos pellets para organismos marinhos e alguns fatores que colaboram para tal toxicidade, coloração, local de coleta (praia) e a densidade encontrada nas praias do litoral paulista. Para determinar a distribuição de pellets no litoral paulista, foram selecionadas doze praias do litoral de São Paulo, com diferentes distancias do Porto de Santos. Os pellets foram coletados na camada superficial de areia (5 cm), no limite superior do pós-praia, com vinte réplicas por praia. Para os testes de ecotoxicidade, foram coletados pellets em duas praias de regiões contaminadas e duas com menor nível de contaminação, de maneira ativa e manual. Os testes de ecotoxicidade foram realizados com ouriços do mar (Lytechinus variegatus), anfípodas (Tiburonella viscana) e copépodes (Nitokra sp.), em ensaios para toxicidade aguda e crônica. Observou-se um gradiente decrescente de densidade de pellets ao longo do litoral paulista, tanto para as praias do norte, quanto para o sul do Porto de Santos, com maiores densidades dentro da Baia de Santos, onde o porto está localizado. Além da distância portuária, diversos outros fatores podem ter influenciado na dispersão de pellets na costa de São Paulo, entre eles fatores ambientais não testados neste trabalho, como a direção do ventos e das correntes superficiais da região e a geografia da costa, que aparentam ser fatores importantes a serem avaliados para a dispersão de pellets nas zonas costeiras. Pellets apresentaram toxicidade crônica para ambos os organismos testados (L. variegatus e Nitokra sp.) em densidades extremamente altas, no entanto não foram capazes de conferir toxicidade aguda nas densidades encontradas no litoral paulista e literatura (T. viscana). A alta variabilidade da concentração de contaminantes adsorvidos em cada pellet pode ser um fator de maior influência para a toxicidade de pellets, do que o fator densidade testado neste trabalho.Dados abertos - Sucupira - Teses e dissertações (2013 a 2016)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Universidade Federal de São PauloChristofoletti, Ronaldo Adriano [UNIFESP]Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Mendes, Gabriel Izar [UNIFESP]2018-07-30T11:44:41Z2018-07-30T11:44:41Z2016-10-06info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion47 p.application/pdfhttps://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=3656945MENDES, Gabriel Izar. Análise de pellets nas praias do litoral paulista e seus efeitos ecotoxicológicos em ambientes marinhos. 2016. 47 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, 2016.2016-0020.pdfhttp://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/47529porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNIFESPinstname:Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)instacron:UNIFESP2024-08-09T08:14:58Zoai:repositorio.unifesp.br/:11600/47529Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://www.repositorio.unifesp.br/oai/requestbiblioteca.csp@unifesp.bropendoar:34652024-08-09T08:14:58Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP - Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Análise de pellets nas praias do litoral paulista e seus efeitos ecotoxicológicos em ambientes marinhos |
title |
Análise de pellets nas praias do litoral paulista e seus efeitos ecotoxicológicos em ambientes marinhos |
spellingShingle |
Análise de pellets nas praias do litoral paulista e seus efeitos ecotoxicológicos em ambientes marinhos Mendes, Gabriel Izar [UNIFESP] Pellets Ecotoxicology Nitokra sp Lytechinus variegatus Tiburonella viscana Pellets Ecotoxicologia Nitokra sp Lytechinus variegatus Tiburonella viscana |
title_short |
Análise de pellets nas praias do litoral paulista e seus efeitos ecotoxicológicos em ambientes marinhos |
title_full |
Análise de pellets nas praias do litoral paulista e seus efeitos ecotoxicológicos em ambientes marinhos |
title_fullStr |
Análise de pellets nas praias do litoral paulista e seus efeitos ecotoxicológicos em ambientes marinhos |
title_full_unstemmed |
Análise de pellets nas praias do litoral paulista e seus efeitos ecotoxicológicos em ambientes marinhos |
title_sort |
Análise de pellets nas praias do litoral paulista e seus efeitos ecotoxicológicos em ambientes marinhos |
author |
Mendes, Gabriel Izar [UNIFESP] |
author_facet |
Mendes, Gabriel Izar [UNIFESP] |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Christofoletti, Ronaldo Adriano [UNIFESP] Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Mendes, Gabriel Izar [UNIFESP] |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Pellets Ecotoxicology Nitokra sp Lytechinus variegatus Tiburonella viscana Pellets Ecotoxicologia Nitokra sp Lytechinus variegatus Tiburonella viscana |
topic |
Pellets Ecotoxicology Nitokra sp Lytechinus variegatus Tiburonella viscana Pellets Ecotoxicologia Nitokra sp Lytechinus variegatus Tiburonella viscana |
description |
Pellets are small grains of resin with a few millimeters (>5 mm), produced and used in large scale, that are among the most found debris in beaches all over the world. It is persistent materials and usually adsorb chemicals compounds, representing a strong harmful to the marine animals and coastal environment in general. This study aim to evaluate the pellets density in the superficial layer in beaches in São Paulo coast, trying to establish a relationship between the spatial distribution along the coast and the distance from a pellet source. We tested the hypothesis that the pellets in the superficial layer were concentrated close to the Santos port, because it is the main pellets source for the area. Then, we tested the toxicity to marine organism and some factors that contribute to this toxicity, like pellets coloration, sampling site (beach) and the density find in the São Paulo coast. To the pellets distribution, twelve beaches were selected in São Paulo coast, with different distances of Santos port. Pellets were collected in the superficial sand layer (5 cm), on the high upper beach limit, with twenty samples per beach. For the ecotoxicity assays, pellets were manually and actively collected in two beaches in two contaminated areas in different levels. These assays were tested with urchin (Lytechinus variegatus), amphipod (Tiburonella viscana) and copepod (Nitokra sp.), in acute and chronic assay. It was noted a decreasing gradient of pellets density along the São Paulo coast, both north and south of Santos port, with higher densities inside the Santos bay, where the port is located. Beyond to the port distance, several other factors may have influenced the dispersion of pellets in São Paulo coast, including environmental factors not assessed in this study, like wind and superficial currents direction and the coast geography, that seem to be a important factor to pellets dispersion in coastal areas. Pellets showed chronic toxicity for both tested organism (L. variegatus and Nitokra sp.) at extremely high densities, however, they were not capable to confer acute toxicity in densities founded in São Paulo Beaches for and literature for T. viscana. The high variability of adsorbed contaminants concentration in each pellet can be a factor with more influence for the pellet toxicity, than the pellets density factor tested in this study. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2016-10-06 2018-07-30T11:44:41Z 2018-07-30T11:44:41Z |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=3656945 MENDES, Gabriel Izar. Análise de pellets nas praias do litoral paulista e seus efeitos ecotoxicológicos em ambientes marinhos. 2016. 47 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, 2016. 2016-0020.pdf http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/47529 |
url |
https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=3656945 http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/47529 |
identifier_str_mv |
MENDES, Gabriel Izar. Análise de pellets nas praias do litoral paulista e seus efeitos ecotoxicológicos em ambientes marinhos. 2016. 47 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, 2016. 2016-0020.pdf |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
47 p. application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de São Paulo |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de São Paulo |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP instname:Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) instacron:UNIFESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) |
instacron_str |
UNIFESP |
institution |
UNIFESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP - Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
biblioteca.csp@unifesp.br |
_version_ |
1814268292781572096 |