Prevalência e causas de deficiência visual para perto em adultos de 45 anos ou mais de idade do município de Parintins, Amazonas: estudo ocular da região amazônica brasileira

• Autor(a) principal: Cunha, Cristina Cardoso Coimbra [UNIFESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=8035734; https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/59730
• topic: Visual Impairment; Prevalence; Presbyopia; Visual Acuity; Adults; Glasses; Deficiência Visual; Prevalência; Presbiopia; Acuidade Visual; Adultos; Óculos

Purpose:To determine the prevalence and causes of near vision impairment in a population of adults 45 years of age and older from the Brazilian Amazon Region. Methods:This is a population- based- cross- sectional study in which cluster sampling was used in randomly selecting subjects 45 years of age and older from urban and rural areas of Parintins city, Amazonas state, Brazil. Participants underwent ophthalmic examination, including uncorrected, presenting, and bestcorrected near visual acuity from each eye; biomicroscopy; fundoscopy; and subjective refraction, including testing with additional lenses for near vision optical correction. A principal cause for near vision impairment was assigned by the ophthalmologist and presbyopia was defined as uncorrected near visual acuity ≤ 20/40 changing to > 20/40 with best-corrected near visual acuity. Free-of-charge glasses were provided for those in need. Results: A total of 2384 subjects were enumerated and 2025 had reliable near visual acuity measurements from both eyes. The prevalence of near vision impairment in the better seeing eye was 96,5% with uncorrected near visual acuity, decreasing to 81,1% with presenting near visual acuity and to 20,5% with best-corrected near visual acuity. Presbyopia was the principal cause of near vision impairment in 71,8%, followed by cataract (16,5%) and pterygium (2,5%), and was associated with younger age and high schooling. Glasses for near vision were prescribed and provided to 1414 (69,8%) participants. Conclusions: A high prevalence of near vision impairment was detected even in those wearing glasses for near. Prescription and provision of low- cost reading glasses should be considered by Brazilian health authorities to address this easily and promptly correctable formof vision impairment.