Clonidina como medicação pré-anestésica em facectomias: comparação entre as doses de 100 µg e 200 µg

• Autor(a) principal: Cruz, José Roquennedy Souza
• Data de Publicação: 2009
• Outros Autores: Cruz, Denise Ferreira Barroso de Melo, Branco, Bruno Castelo, Santiago, Ana Ellen de Queiroz [UNIFESP], Amaral, José Luiz Gomes do [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942009000600005; http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/5360
• topic: COMPLICATIONS; PREMEDICATION; SURGERY, ophthalmologic; CIRURGIA, oftálmica; COMPLICAÇÕES; MEDICAÇÃO PRÉ-ANÉSTÉSICA

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the degree of sedation, intraocular pressure, and hemodynamic changes with premedication with low doses of oral clonidine, 100 µg and 200 µg, in outpatient cataract surgeries. METHODS: This is a randomized, double-blind, clinical study undertaken at the Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) with 60 patients of both genders, physical status ASA 1 and 2, ages 18 to 80 years. Patients were separated into three groups: placebo, clonidine 100 µg, and clonidine 200 µg. Intraocular pressure, heart rate, and blood pressure besides assessment of sedation were measured before and 90 minutes after the administration of clonidine. Sedation levels were classified according to the Ramsay sedation scale. RESULTS: Patients who received placebo and 100 µg of clonidine did not show reduction in heart rate, while a reduction in heart rate was observed in patients who received 200 µg of clonidine, and this difference was statistically significant. Patients who received 200 µg of clonidine also had a reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05). One patient who received 200 µg of clonidine developed severe hypotension, with systolic pressure < 80 mmHg. Patients treated with clonidine had a reduction in intraocular pressure (p < 0.05). Ninety minutes after the oral administration of placebo and 100 µg and 200 µg of clonidine, 25%, 60%, and 80% of the patients respectively were classified as Ramsay 3 or 4. CONCLUSIONS: Clonidine 100 µg can be indicated as premedication for fasciectomies, being effective in sedation and reduction of intraocular pressure, without adverse effects on blood pressure and heart rate.