Avaliação morfofuncional renal na síndrome metabólica induzida por dieta hiperlipídica associada à sobrecarga salina aguda em ratos hipertensos

• Autor(a) principal: Pereira, Renata Oliveira [UNIFESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=5076136; https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/50769
• topic: High-fat diet; Salt; Metabolic syndrome; Kidney; Spontaneously hypertensive rats; Dieta hiperlipídica; Sal; Síndrome metabólica; Rim; Ratos espontaneamente hipertensos

The metabolic syndrome is characterized by the combination of at least 3 risk factors, for example diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension and obesity in the same person. The incidence of this syndrome has increased associated with an increase in the number of patients with nephropathies. Studies show that genetic and environmental factors are involved in the genesis of the components of the metabolic syndrome. Among the environmental factors, there is the consumption of food with high levels of salt and fat. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the association of high-fat diet (30% lipids) and saline overload (1% salt during 10 days) on the renal function of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Weaned male SHR rats (40-50g) were separated into 4 groups: Control (SC), Salt (SS), High-fat (SHL), High-fat Salt (SHLS) and the animals were followed during 8 weeks. The main results obtained were that the animals treated with the high-fat diet (SHL and SHLS) presented: 1) Decreased glomerular filtration rate; 2) Increased renal lipids deposition; 3) Increased collagen deposition in the kidney; 4) Decreased diameter of the glomerular tuft. In addition, we observed an increase in the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α in the kidneys of the animals that received only saline overload (SS group), while we observed an increase of collagen IV in the kidney of all treated animals. In conclusion, our results show that the hypertensive animals fed a high-fat diet presented an important impairment in renal function, evidenced by the decrease of the glomerular filtration rate. It seems to be associated with a renal fibrogenesis process. However, the administration of an acute saline overload was not able to modify the glomerular filtration rate of the spontaneously hypertensive animals, although it has caused renal histological alterations and has changed the inflammatory cytokines.