Famílias afetadas pelo parente usuário problemático de substâncias psicoativas, procurando por ajuda: quem são elas?

• Autor(a) principal: Sakiyama, Helena Miyaco Takeyama [UNIFESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=3878113; http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/46813
• topic: Family; Relatives; Dependence; Psychoactive substances; Família; Parente; Dependência química; Substâncias psicoativas; Assistência

Background: This study proposes to describe “Affected Family Members” (AFMs) by the “Substance Misuse Relatives”, (SMRs) in the city of São Paulo who are seeking support in Mutual Self­Help Group “Amor Exigente” and know how do they deal with addiction circunstances in the family. Method: This was a cross­sectional cohoort study of 500 families (one participant per family) applying a structured questionnaire adopted from British studies, and containing sociodemographic information, lengh of time taken to seek help, and where they sought help. Participant were recruited from the Mutual Self­Help Grupo “Amor Exigente” in the City of São Paulo, Brasil. Results: The Affected Families Members (AFM): The family members were 77% female and 23% male; most participants 63,6% were at the 45­64 age group. In total, 67.6% of the SMRs were children of the participants. Marital Status: in total, 57.5% of the participants were married in a stable union, 20.4% were divorced, 14,2% were single and 7,8% widower. Ethnic Group: 87,6 were white/caucasian, 8,2% African Brasilian, 2,8% mixted race and 1,4% Asian. The participant classification breakdown by social class was A (19.4%), B (47.8%) and C (20.6%); Admission for treatment: 72.4% of families experienced admission of their SMRs mostly in Community Therapeutics, and 72% of the families are responsible for the treatment. A range of 3,35 person live with the SMR.69% of the families had another addicted family member. Those relationships were: 38% uncle, 29% father, 27% cousins, 18% brothers, 16% grand father (mother), 10% grand father (father), 5% mothers, 6% grandmother and 1% nephews. 62% of the families didn’t know the services of CAPS AD (Centro de Atenção Psicossocial – Alcool e Drogas). 98% of the families desire total sobriety of their SMRs. Educational Level: respondents with fundamental school, 12,4%, complete secondary and incomplete higher education comprised 34.6% of the total, and those with complete higher education comprised 33.2%. The Substance misuse relatives (SMRs): 91,6% were male and 8,4% female. Age group: 7% correspond to 13 to 17 years old, 31% to 18 to 24 years old, 43% 25 to 34 years old, and 11% correspond to 35 to 44 years old . The average of age was 28,4 years old. In total, 67.6% of the SMRs were children of the participants, 11% spouse, 8,6% brothers, 4% nephew and 2,8%boy­friend or fiancée, 2% father and 4% others. On average, 2.4 substances were used, including marijuana (67.6%), cocaine (64.2%), alcohol (47.6%), and crack (38.8%). The average duration of substance abuse was 10.1 years and The average time AFM know the drug uses was 6,5 years. Crack users: 80% used marijuana, 71% used cocaine and 42% alcohol. 23% presents SMRs Psiquiatric Comorbidities: 27% depression, 21% TDHA, 16% bipolar disorder, 11% TDA, 5% anxiety. Conclusion: Families without assistance from the Public Health Authority were disoriented, suffer burden of substance use disease, and present coping styles by tolerance and covering­up of use, or withdrawal strategy denying or hiding drug use. An average of 2.6 years passes between AFMs discovering drug abuse and seeking help, and the SMRs continues to abuse drugs for 6.3 years without treatment on average. The AFMs experiences sadness, helplessness, and anguish in the face of addiction, AFMs seek help in support groups.