Fatores associados à implantação de programas de prevenção ao uso de drogas nas escolas brasileiras

• Autor(a) principal: Pereira, Ana Paula Dias [UNIFESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=6547445; https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/52258
• topic: Programas; Prevenção; Drogas; Saúde escolar; Adolescentes; Estudo transversal

Objective: To identify the factors associated with implementing drug use prevention programs in Brazilian public and private middle and high urban schools and existence of principles of good prevention practices in these programs. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a probabilistic sample of 1,151 public and private school administrators from the five Brazilian regions. A closed, self-filling online questionnaire was applied. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with implementing drug use prevention programs in schools and Poisson regression allowed the identification of the factors associated with the prevention program with a greater amount of good practice principles. Results: A total of 51.1% of the Brazilian schools declared having any drug use prevention program. These programs do not occur on a regular basis and they last three months average, integrating different theoretical models in which the students are the main target, and they are mainly promoted by the Military Police. The factors associated with implementation of prevention programs in schools were: belonging to the public school network (OR = 1.38, 95% CI, 1.91); having a library (OR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.28, 2.35); development of activities targeting sexuality (OR = 2.34, 95% CI 1.43, 3.81); development of “Health at School Program” activities (OR = 1.98; 95% CI 1.48, 2.69); offering extracurricular activities (OR = 2.00, 95% CI 1.48, 2.64);; and having an administrator that participated in training courses on drugs (OR = 1.97, 95% CI 1.50, 2.58). Private schools are 14% more likely to present more good practice principles in their programs compared to public schools (IRR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.08, 1.27). It was observed that programs offered by a team from the school itself or by a health institution or by the education department are more likely to present more good practice principles (IRR = 1.09, 95% CI, 1.19 and IRR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.09, 1.33, respectively). Conclusions: It was concluded that the actions to prevent drug use in Brazilian schools need to improve the measures adopted. The adoption of drug use prevention practices in Brazilian schools may be expanded with greater orchestration of schools through specialized training of administrators and teachers, expansion of the School Health Program and concomitant development of the schools’ structural and curricular attributes.