ESGOTAMENTO SANITÁRIO EM ÁREAS RURAIS LOCALIZADAS NA REGIÃO SUL DO BRASIL

• Autor(a) principal: Schultz, Adriane Marisa Burchardt
• Data de Publicação: 2024
• Outros Autores: Fachinetto, Juliana Maria, Colet, Christiane de Fatima, Carbonera, Roberto
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Hygeia (Uberlândia)
• Texto Completo: https://seer.ufu.br/index.php/hygeia/article/view/69411
• topic: Esgotamento sanitário rural; Sistemas de tratamento sanitário; Impactos socioambientais; Sustentabilidade ambiental; Rural sanitation; Sanitary treatment systems; Socio-environmental impacts; Environmental sustainability

The Brazilian rural context presents social and programmatic vulnerabilities, with the isolation of health services, precarious housing and poor basic sanitation, whose sewage service has restricted access or does not exist. In this scenario, it is common to release domestic sewage in backyards/vegetable gardens, while human waste is sent to rudimentary pits, or discarded in the open. Therefore, the investigation about the situational analysis of sanitary sewage in the southern region of Brazil was pertinent, through an integrative literature review. It was found that the selective collection of dry waste is deficient. Organic waste is intended for animal feed; burned; or laid out in the open. As for liquid waste, it is sent to rudimentary pits; or dumped on the ground. Damage resulting from improper disposal of this waste directly affects the population, with poisoning; respiratory diseases; feco-oral and waterborne diseases. Furthermore, the impacts extend to the environment with eutrophication and modification of the physical aspects of water; ground pollution; and food contamination. Therefore, it is necessary to implement waste treatment systems and technical and educational support for residents, to contribute to the improvement of living conditions in rural communities.