As mudanças no setor de Biotecnologia e seus impactos sobre a economia brasileira: as relações das corporações ciências da vida e a Embrapa
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2001 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFU |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/30323 http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2001.71 |
Resumo: | The last three decades have been a period of great progress in the biological sciences, especially since 1973 when the techniques of recombinant DNA (possibility of removing a gene from one organism and later inserting it into the DNA of another, starting to work as if it were in the original organism), has allowed the emergence of new products with the desired characteristics, for example, agricultural varieties resistant to insects and diseases. This period marks the emergence of what has been called “modern biotechnology” and establishes the beginning of private participation in Research and Development (R&D) of biotechnological products, hitherto carried out, mostly by the public sector. With the entry of large companies such as Monsanto, Novartis and Aventis, and the subsequent strategies adopted to increase their participation (mergers, acquisitions and partnerships), the sector became extremely concentrated, around seven companies, which constituted a new industry, called “life sciences”. This global restructuring process, carried out by the multinationals, has generated impacts in several economies that have great potential for their products, such as Brazil. This paper proposes to observe the impacts of changes in the biotechnology sector on the Brazilian economy and the main existing relationships between “life sciences” companies and the public sector, with EMBRAPA as the focus of analysis. The results were achieved based on in studies of reports published annually by companies and EMBRAPA. There was an increase in the participation of multinationals, mainly in the agricultural sector, due to the recent acquisitions of these companies, in the national scenario. For EMBRAPA, especially CENARGEN, there was an increase in the number of partnerships with companies in the private sector, mainly due to the difficulty of financing the public sector, signaling a possible privatization of public research, where these companies start to share knowledge and the genetic resources developed over the years. Thus, the use of techniques that enable greater financial returns, such as the development of transgenic plants and other modern biotechnology techniques, are prioritized at the expense of others of the same importance for the Brazilian market, such as, for example, tissue culture and fixation biological nitrogen. In this way, the process of global restructuring of the agrifood system, carried out by the predominance of liberalizing policies and by large “life sciences” corporations, has directly impacted the Brazilian market, either through the concentration of the agricultural market controlled by multinationals or, simply , by weakening the participation of the public sector in the economy, becoming only responsible for the implementation of policies that greatly benefit the private sector. |
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As mudanças no setor de Biotecnologia e seus impactos sobre a economia brasileira: as relações das corporações ciências da vida e a EmbrapaChanges in the Biotechnology sector and its impacts on the Brazilian economy: the relations of life sciences corporations and EmbrapaCiências biológicasEMBRAPACNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIAEMBRAPABiotecnologiaThe last three decades have been a period of great progress in the biological sciences, especially since 1973 when the techniques of recombinant DNA (possibility of removing a gene from one organism and later inserting it into the DNA of another, starting to work as if it were in the original organism), has allowed the emergence of new products with the desired characteristics, for example, agricultural varieties resistant to insects and diseases. This period marks the emergence of what has been called “modern biotechnology” and establishes the beginning of private participation in Research and Development (R&D) of biotechnological products, hitherto carried out, mostly by the public sector. With the entry of large companies such as Monsanto, Novartis and Aventis, and the subsequent strategies adopted to increase their participation (mergers, acquisitions and partnerships), the sector became extremely concentrated, around seven companies, which constituted a new industry, called “life sciences”. This global restructuring process, carried out by the multinationals, has generated impacts in several economies that have great potential for their products, such as Brazil. This paper proposes to observe the impacts of changes in the biotechnology sector on the Brazilian economy and the main existing relationships between “life sciences” companies and the public sector, with EMBRAPA as the focus of analysis. The results were achieved based on in studies of reports published annually by companies and EMBRAPA. There was an increase in the participation of multinationals, mainly in the agricultural sector, due to the recent acquisitions of these companies, in the national scenario. For EMBRAPA, especially CENARGEN, there was an increase in the number of partnerships with companies in the private sector, mainly due to the difficulty of financing the public sector, signaling a possible privatization of public research, where these companies start to share knowledge and the genetic resources developed over the years. Thus, the use of techniques that enable greater financial returns, such as the development of transgenic plants and other modern biotechnology techniques, are prioritized at the expense of others of the same importance for the Brazilian market, such as, for example, tissue culture and fixation biological nitrogen. In this way, the process of global restructuring of the agrifood system, carried out by the predominance of liberalizing policies and by large “life sciences” corporations, has directly impacted the Brazilian market, either through the concentration of the agricultural market controlled by multinationals or, simply , by weakening the participation of the public sector in the economy, becoming only responsible for the implementation of policies that greatly benefit the private sector.Dissertação (Mestrado)As três últimas décadas têm sido um período de grandes progressos nas ciências biológicas, principalmente a partir de 1973 quando as técnicas de DNA recombinante (possibilidade de retirada de um gene de um organismo e posterior inserção no DNA de outro, passando a funcionar como se estivesse no organismo original), tem permitido o surgimento de novos produtos com as características desejadas, como por exemplo, variedades agrícolas resistentes a insetos e doenças. Este período marca o surgimento do que se convencionou chamar “biotecnologia moderna” e estabelece o início da participação privada em Pesquisas e Desenvolvimento (P&D) de produtos biotecnológicos, até então realizadas, em sua maioria pelo setor público. Com a entrada das grandes empresas como a Monsanto, a Novartis e a Aventis, e as subsequentes estratégias adotadas para aumentar suas participações (fusões, aquisições e parcerias), o setor tomou-se extremamente concentrado, em tomo de sete empresas, que constituíram uma nova indústria, denominada “ciências da vida”. Este processo de reestruturação global, levado a cabo pelas multinacionais, tem gerado impactos em diversas economias que apresentam um grande potencial para seus produtos, como por exemplo, o Brasil. Este trabalho propõe como objetivo observar quais os impactos das mudanças no setor de biotecnologia sobre a economia brasileira e as principais relações existentes entre as empresas “ciências da vida” e o setor público, tendo como foco de análise a EMBRAPA Os resultados foram alcançados com base nos estudos dos relatórios publicados, anualmente, pelas empresas e pela EMBRAPA. Verificou-se um aumento na participação das multinacionais, principalmente no setor agrícola, devido às recentes aquisições destas empresas, no cenário nacional. Para a EMBRAPA, em especial o CENARGEN, observou-se um aumento no número de parcerias com empresas do setor privado, principalmente pela dificuldade de financiamento do setor público, sinalizando uma possível privatização das pesquisas públicas, onde estas empresas passam a partilhar os conhecimentos e os recursos genéticos desenvolvidos durante anos. Assim, a utilização de técnicas que possibilitam maiores retomos financeiros, como o desenvolvimento de plantas transgênicas e outras técnicas de biotecnologia moderna, são priorizados em detrimento de outros de mesma importância para o mercado brasileiro, como por exemplo, a cultura de tecidos e a fixação biológica de nitrogênio. Deste modo, o processo de reestruturação global do sistema agroalimentar, levado a diante pelo predomínio de políticas liberalizantes e pelas grandes corporações “ciências da vida”, tem impactado diretamente o mercado brasileiro, seja através da concentração do mercado agrícola controlado pelas multinacionais ou, simplesmente, pelo enfraquecimento da participação do setor público na economia, tomando-se apenas o responsável pela instauração de políticas que beneficiem amplamente o setor privado.Universidade Federal de UberlândiaBrasilPrograma de Pós-graduação em EconomiaShiki, ShigeoTeixeira, Fábio André2020-11-10T18:38:50Z2020-11-10T18:38:50Z2001info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfTEIXEIRA, Fábio André. As mudanças no setor de Biotecnologia e seus impactos sobre a economia brasileira: as relações das corporações ciências da vida e a Embrapa. 2001. 163 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Economia) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2020. DOI http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2001.71https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/30323http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2001.71porhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFUinstname:Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)instacron:UFU2020-11-11T06:18:44Zoai:repositorio.ufu.br:123456789/30323Repositório InstitucionalONGhttp://repositorio.ufu.br/oai/requestdiinf@dirbi.ufu.bropendoar:2020-11-11T06:18:44Repositório Institucional da UFU - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
As mudanças no setor de Biotecnologia e seus impactos sobre a economia brasileira: as relações das corporações ciências da vida e a Embrapa Changes in the Biotechnology sector and its impacts on the Brazilian economy: the relations of life sciences corporations and Embrapa |
title |
As mudanças no setor de Biotecnologia e seus impactos sobre a economia brasileira: as relações das corporações ciências da vida e a Embrapa |
spellingShingle |
As mudanças no setor de Biotecnologia e seus impactos sobre a economia brasileira: as relações das corporações ciências da vida e a Embrapa Teixeira, Fábio André Ciências biológicas EMBRAPA CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA EMBRAPA Biotecnologia |
title_short |
As mudanças no setor de Biotecnologia e seus impactos sobre a economia brasileira: as relações das corporações ciências da vida e a Embrapa |
title_full |
As mudanças no setor de Biotecnologia e seus impactos sobre a economia brasileira: as relações das corporações ciências da vida e a Embrapa |
title_fullStr |
As mudanças no setor de Biotecnologia e seus impactos sobre a economia brasileira: as relações das corporações ciências da vida e a Embrapa |
title_full_unstemmed |
As mudanças no setor de Biotecnologia e seus impactos sobre a economia brasileira: as relações das corporações ciências da vida e a Embrapa |
title_sort |
As mudanças no setor de Biotecnologia e seus impactos sobre a economia brasileira: as relações das corporações ciências da vida e a Embrapa |
author |
Teixeira, Fábio André |
author_facet |
Teixeira, Fábio André |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Shiki, Shigeo |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Teixeira, Fábio André |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Ciências biológicas EMBRAPA CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA EMBRAPA Biotecnologia |
topic |
Ciências biológicas EMBRAPA CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA EMBRAPA Biotecnologia |
description |
The last three decades have been a period of great progress in the biological sciences, especially since 1973 when the techniques of recombinant DNA (possibility of removing a gene from one organism and later inserting it into the DNA of another, starting to work as if it were in the original organism), has allowed the emergence of new products with the desired characteristics, for example, agricultural varieties resistant to insects and diseases. This period marks the emergence of what has been called “modern biotechnology” and establishes the beginning of private participation in Research and Development (R&D) of biotechnological products, hitherto carried out, mostly by the public sector. With the entry of large companies such as Monsanto, Novartis and Aventis, and the subsequent strategies adopted to increase their participation (mergers, acquisitions and partnerships), the sector became extremely concentrated, around seven companies, which constituted a new industry, called “life sciences”. This global restructuring process, carried out by the multinationals, has generated impacts in several economies that have great potential for their products, such as Brazil. This paper proposes to observe the impacts of changes in the biotechnology sector on the Brazilian economy and the main existing relationships between “life sciences” companies and the public sector, with EMBRAPA as the focus of analysis. The results were achieved based on in studies of reports published annually by companies and EMBRAPA. There was an increase in the participation of multinationals, mainly in the agricultural sector, due to the recent acquisitions of these companies, in the national scenario. For EMBRAPA, especially CENARGEN, there was an increase in the number of partnerships with companies in the private sector, mainly due to the difficulty of financing the public sector, signaling a possible privatization of public research, where these companies start to share knowledge and the genetic resources developed over the years. Thus, the use of techniques that enable greater financial returns, such as the development of transgenic plants and other modern biotechnology techniques, are prioritized at the expense of others of the same importance for the Brazilian market, such as, for example, tissue culture and fixation biological nitrogen. In this way, the process of global restructuring of the agrifood system, carried out by the predominance of liberalizing policies and by large “life sciences” corporations, has directly impacted the Brazilian market, either through the concentration of the agricultural market controlled by multinationals or, simply , by weakening the participation of the public sector in the economy, becoming only responsible for the implementation of policies that greatly benefit the private sector. |
publishDate |
2001 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2001 2020-11-10T18:38:50Z 2020-11-10T18:38:50Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
TEIXEIRA, Fábio André. As mudanças no setor de Biotecnologia e seus impactos sobre a economia brasileira: as relações das corporações ciências da vida e a Embrapa. 2001. 163 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Economia) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2020. DOI http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2001.71 https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/30323 http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2001.71 |
identifier_str_mv |
TEIXEIRA, Fábio André. As mudanças no setor de Biotecnologia e seus impactos sobre a economia brasileira: as relações das corporações ciências da vida e a Embrapa. 2001. 163 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Economia) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2020. DOI http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2001.71 |
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https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/30323 http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2001.71 |
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Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Brasil Programa de Pós-graduação em Economia |
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Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Brasil Programa de Pós-graduação em Economia |
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Repositório Institucional da UFU - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) |
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