Carbono da biomassa e atividade bioquímica em solos de Cerrado submetidos à aplicação do nematicida Cadusafós
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2018 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFU |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/21522 http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2018.762 |
Resumo: | The cerrado is the second largest Brazilian biome and considered the last agricultural frontier of the planet. Its soils are predominantly latosols, devoid of nutrients and susceptible to erosion, but which were not obstacles to the occupation by modern agriculture, with applications of large quantities of chemicals. Without the use of these products, increased pests and diseases could lead to significant losses in agricultural production. The challenge is to avoid soil degradation and reduce environmental pollution by meeting the growing demand for food, fiber and energy. Soil microorganisms participate in almost all the processes that occur there, and are recognized as sensitive indicators of the health of natural and agricultural soils. Soil microbiota can be affected by the chemical pesticides used to combat pathogens of agricultural crops, since these products have low selectivity. The effects that the application of organophosphate pesticides cause on soil microflora are still little known and reported. The objective was to analyze the effect of the organophosphate nematicide Cadusafós on the soil microbial community, with the help of some microbiological parameters. For this, sandy and loamy soils representative of the Cerrado region of Minas Gerais State were collected. The cadusafos used was the Rugby 200 CS, at the concentration rate of 0.4 mg i.a. Kg-1 of soil, recommended for field application, and at higher doses to test the minimum inhibitory concentration. The parameters analyzed were basal respiration, biomass carbon and metabolic quotient, afterwards the induced response of the microbial community to the addition of glucose was evaluated through basal respiration, glucose consumption with time, enzyme activity dehydrogenase and metabolic yield, all in quadruplicate. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and normality, and the means tested at the 5% probability level, by Tukey and KruskalWallis test. For the two soils sampled and in all the attributes tested, no significant differences between the treatments that received cadusafós and the control were verified. The hypotheses are that the cadusafós was biodegraded, has no toxic effect on microorganisms, or that the molecule was not bioavailable by the various interacting forces that occur with the soil. Our results indicate that the Cadusafós molecule does not compromise edaphic functionality, maintaining the original quality of the soil under the conditions tested. Deeper structural and residual assessments should be performed to strengthen the data found here. Knowledge about the effects of pesticides on the activity of the soil microbial community can provide subsidies for planning the correct use of land. |
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Carbono da biomassa e atividade bioquímica em solos de Cerrado submetidos à aplicação do nematicida CadusafósBiomass carbon and biochemical activity in Cerrado soils subjected to the application of nematicide CadusafósOrganofosforadoOrganophosphurusMicro-organismos do soloSoil micro-organismsGlicoseGlucoseRespiração basalBasal respirationDesidrogenaseDehydrogenaseRendimento metabólicoMetabolic yieldQualidade ambientalCerrados - SolosMicroorganismos do soloInseticidasCNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRAThe cerrado is the second largest Brazilian biome and considered the last agricultural frontier of the planet. Its soils are predominantly latosols, devoid of nutrients and susceptible to erosion, but which were not obstacles to the occupation by modern agriculture, with applications of large quantities of chemicals. Without the use of these products, increased pests and diseases could lead to significant losses in agricultural production. The challenge is to avoid soil degradation and reduce environmental pollution by meeting the growing demand for food, fiber and energy. Soil microorganisms participate in almost all the processes that occur there, and are recognized as sensitive indicators of the health of natural and agricultural soils. Soil microbiota can be affected by the chemical pesticides used to combat pathogens of agricultural crops, since these products have low selectivity. The effects that the application of organophosphate pesticides cause on soil microflora are still little known and reported. The objective was to analyze the effect of the organophosphate nematicide Cadusafós on the soil microbial community, with the help of some microbiological parameters. For this, sandy and loamy soils representative of the Cerrado region of Minas Gerais State were collected. The cadusafos used was the Rugby 200 CS, at the concentration rate of 0.4 mg i.a. Kg-1 of soil, recommended for field application, and at higher doses to test the minimum inhibitory concentration. The parameters analyzed were basal respiration, biomass carbon and metabolic quotient, afterwards the induced response of the microbial community to the addition of glucose was evaluated through basal respiration, glucose consumption with time, enzyme activity dehydrogenase and metabolic yield, all in quadruplicate. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and normality, and the means tested at the 5% probability level, by Tukey and KruskalWallis test. For the two soils sampled and in all the attributes tested, no significant differences between the treatments that received cadusafós and the control were verified. The hypotheses are that the cadusafós was biodegraded, has no toxic effect on microorganisms, or that the molecule was not bioavailable by the various interacting forces that occur with the soil. Our results indicate that the Cadusafós molecule does not compromise edaphic functionality, maintaining the original quality of the soil under the conditions tested. Deeper structural and residual assessments should be performed to strengthen the data found here. Knowledge about the effects of pesticides on the activity of the soil microbial community can provide subsidies for planning the correct use of land.CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorDissertação (Mestrado)O cerrado é o segundo maior bioma brasileiro e considerado a última fronteira agrícola do planeta. Seus solos são predominantemente Latossolos, desprovidos de nutrientes e suscetíveis à erosão, mas que não foram empecilhos para a ocupação pela agricultura moderna, com aplicações de grandes quantidades de produtos químicos. Sem o uso destes produtos, o aumento de pragas e doenças poderia acarretar perda significativa na produção agrícola. O desafio é, então, evitar a degradação dos solos e reduzir a poluição ambiental conciliando com a crescente demanda por alimentos, fibras e energia. Os micro-organismos do solo participam de quase todos os processos que ali ocorrem, e são reconhecidos como sensíveis indicadores da saúde dos solos naturais e agrícolas. A microbiota do solo pode ser afetada pelos pesticidas químicos utilizados no combate de organismos patógenos das culturas agrícolas, já que estes produtos possuem baixa seletividade. Os efeitos que a aplicação de pesticidas organofosforados causam na microflora do solo, ainda são pouco conhecidos e relatados. O objetivo foi, então, analisar o efeito do nematicida organofosforado Cadusafós sobre a comunidade microbiana do solo, com a ajuda de alguns parâmetros microbiológicos. Para isso, foram coletados solos arenoso e argiloso representativos da região do Cerrado do estado de MG. O cadusafós utilizado foi o Rugby 200 CS, na taxa de concentração de 0,4 mg i.a. Kg-1 de solo, recomendada para a aplicação em campo, e ainda em doses maiores para testar a concentração mínima inibitória. Em um ensaio com doses do cadusafós, as variáveis analisadas foram a respiração basal, carbono da biomassa e quociente metabólico. Posteriormente, foi avaliado a resposta induzida da comunidade microbiana à adição de glicose pela respiração basal, consumo de glicose, atividade da desidrogenase e rendimento metabólico. Os ensaios foram realizados em 4 repetições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e normalidade, e as médias testadas ao nível de 5% de probabilidade pelos testes de Tukey e Kruskal-Wallis. Para os dois solos amostrados e em todos os atributos testados, não foram verificadas diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos que receberam cadusafós e o controle não contaminado. Provavelmente o cadusafós foi adsorvido e ou biodegradado, ou que o efeito tóxico sobre os micro-organismos seja pequeno. Os nossos resultados indicam que a molécula de Cadusafós, não compromete a funcionalidade edáfica, mantendo a qualidade original do solo nas condições testadas. Avaliações mais profundas estrutural comunidade e a longo prazo devem ser realizadas para fortalecer os dados aqui encontrados. Isso é importante porque o conhecimento a respeito dos efeitos de pesticidas sobre a atividade da comunidade microbiana do solo pode fornecer subsídios para o planejamento do uso correto da terra.Universidade Federal de UberlândiaBrasilPrograma de Pós-graduação em Qualidade AmbientalFerreira, Adão de Siqueirahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4798974T8Azevedo, Lucas Carvalho Basílio dehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4765748Y9Paula, Alessandra Monteiro dehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4762340Y0Bertini, Simone Cristina Bragahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4702178D3Franciscon, Emanuele Giuliani2018-06-14T14:48:22Z2018-06-14T14:48:22Z2018-02-28info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfFRANCISCON, Emanuele Giuliani. Carbono da biomassa e atividade bioquímica em solos do cerrado submetidos à aplicação do nematicida Cadusafós. 2018. 56 p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Meio Ambiente e Qualidade Ambiental) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2018. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2018.762https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/21522http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2018.762porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFUinstname:Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)instacron:UFU2022-12-14T17:34:32Zoai:repositorio.ufu.br:123456789/21522Repositório InstitucionalONGhttp://repositorio.ufu.br/oai/requestdiinf@dirbi.ufu.bropendoar:2022-12-14T17:34:32Repositório Institucional da UFU - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Carbono da biomassa e atividade bioquímica em solos de Cerrado submetidos à aplicação do nematicida Cadusafós Biomass carbon and biochemical activity in Cerrado soils subjected to the application of nematicide Cadusafós |
title |
Carbono da biomassa e atividade bioquímica em solos de Cerrado submetidos à aplicação do nematicida Cadusafós |
spellingShingle |
Carbono da biomassa e atividade bioquímica em solos de Cerrado submetidos à aplicação do nematicida Cadusafós Franciscon, Emanuele Giuliani Organofosforado Organophosphurus Micro-organismos do solo Soil micro-organisms Glicose Glucose Respiração basal Basal respiration Desidrogenase Dehydrogenase Rendimento metabólico Metabolic yield Qualidade ambiental Cerrados - Solos Microorganismos do solo Inseticidas CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA |
title_short |
Carbono da biomassa e atividade bioquímica em solos de Cerrado submetidos à aplicação do nematicida Cadusafós |
title_full |
Carbono da biomassa e atividade bioquímica em solos de Cerrado submetidos à aplicação do nematicida Cadusafós |
title_fullStr |
Carbono da biomassa e atividade bioquímica em solos de Cerrado submetidos à aplicação do nematicida Cadusafós |
title_full_unstemmed |
Carbono da biomassa e atividade bioquímica em solos de Cerrado submetidos à aplicação do nematicida Cadusafós |
title_sort |
Carbono da biomassa e atividade bioquímica em solos de Cerrado submetidos à aplicação do nematicida Cadusafós |
author |
Franciscon, Emanuele Giuliani |
author_facet |
Franciscon, Emanuele Giuliani |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Ferreira, Adão de Siqueira http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4798974T8 Azevedo, Lucas Carvalho Basílio de http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4765748Y9 Paula, Alessandra Monteiro de http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4762340Y0 Bertini, Simone Cristina Braga http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4702178D3 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Franciscon, Emanuele Giuliani |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Organofosforado Organophosphurus Micro-organismos do solo Soil micro-organisms Glicose Glucose Respiração basal Basal respiration Desidrogenase Dehydrogenase Rendimento metabólico Metabolic yield Qualidade ambiental Cerrados - Solos Microorganismos do solo Inseticidas CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA |
topic |
Organofosforado Organophosphurus Micro-organismos do solo Soil micro-organisms Glicose Glucose Respiração basal Basal respiration Desidrogenase Dehydrogenase Rendimento metabólico Metabolic yield Qualidade ambiental Cerrados - Solos Microorganismos do solo Inseticidas CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA |
description |
The cerrado is the second largest Brazilian biome and considered the last agricultural frontier of the planet. Its soils are predominantly latosols, devoid of nutrients and susceptible to erosion, but which were not obstacles to the occupation by modern agriculture, with applications of large quantities of chemicals. Without the use of these products, increased pests and diseases could lead to significant losses in agricultural production. The challenge is to avoid soil degradation and reduce environmental pollution by meeting the growing demand for food, fiber and energy. Soil microorganisms participate in almost all the processes that occur there, and are recognized as sensitive indicators of the health of natural and agricultural soils. Soil microbiota can be affected by the chemical pesticides used to combat pathogens of agricultural crops, since these products have low selectivity. The effects that the application of organophosphate pesticides cause on soil microflora are still little known and reported. The objective was to analyze the effect of the organophosphate nematicide Cadusafós on the soil microbial community, with the help of some microbiological parameters. For this, sandy and loamy soils representative of the Cerrado region of Minas Gerais State were collected. The cadusafos used was the Rugby 200 CS, at the concentration rate of 0.4 mg i.a. Kg-1 of soil, recommended for field application, and at higher doses to test the minimum inhibitory concentration. The parameters analyzed were basal respiration, biomass carbon and metabolic quotient, afterwards the induced response of the microbial community to the addition of glucose was evaluated through basal respiration, glucose consumption with time, enzyme activity dehydrogenase and metabolic yield, all in quadruplicate. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and normality, and the means tested at the 5% probability level, by Tukey and KruskalWallis test. For the two soils sampled and in all the attributes tested, no significant differences between the treatments that received cadusafós and the control were verified. The hypotheses are that the cadusafós was biodegraded, has no toxic effect on microorganisms, or that the molecule was not bioavailable by the various interacting forces that occur with the soil. Our results indicate that the Cadusafós molecule does not compromise edaphic functionality, maintaining the original quality of the soil under the conditions tested. Deeper structural and residual assessments should be performed to strengthen the data found here. Knowledge about the effects of pesticides on the activity of the soil microbial community can provide subsidies for planning the correct use of land. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2018-06-14T14:48:22Z 2018-06-14T14:48:22Z 2018-02-28 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
FRANCISCON, Emanuele Giuliani. Carbono da biomassa e atividade bioquímica em solos do cerrado submetidos à aplicação do nematicida Cadusafós. 2018. 56 p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Meio Ambiente e Qualidade Ambiental) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2018. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2018.762 https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/21522 http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2018.762 |
identifier_str_mv |
FRANCISCON, Emanuele Giuliani. Carbono da biomassa e atividade bioquímica em solos do cerrado submetidos à aplicação do nematicida Cadusafós. 2018. 56 p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Meio Ambiente e Qualidade Ambiental) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2018. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2018.762 |
url |
https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/21522 http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2018.762 |
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por |
language |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Brasil Programa de Pós-graduação em Qualidade Ambiental |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Brasil Programa de Pós-graduação em Qualidade Ambiental |
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reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFU instname:Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) instacron:UFU |
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Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) |
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UFU |
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UFU |
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Repositório Institucional da UFU |
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Repositório Institucional da UFU - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) |
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diinf@dirbi.ufu.br |
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