Simulação computacional e análise paramétrica de uma unidade industrial de descarga e estocagem de amônia líquida pressurizada

• Autor(a) principal: Elisiario, Alessandra Caldas D'Moraes
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFU
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/15209; https://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2013.281
• topic: Simulação computacional; CAPE-OPEN; Fertilizantes; Amônia; Amônia líquida - Indústria; Amônia como fertilizante; Computer simulation; Fertilizers; Ammonium; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA

Ammonium is one of the main raw materials for the production of different types of fertilizers, such as monoammonium phosphate (MAP), diammonium phosphate (DAP), urea and ammonium sulfate. The Triângulo Mineiro region is an important MAP producer. It is produced by the reaction between ammonium and phosphoric acid. The ammonium used is not produced at this fertilizer production facility. It is received and stored at an industrial unit that contains heat exchangers, compressors, pumps, flash vessels, etc. Due to changes in the specification of the ammonium supply, and to operational conditions different of those projected for the storage unit, the quality of the ammonium sent to the MAP production units may not be satisfactory. The ammonium industrial storage unit was simulated with the aid of COCO, a free-ofcharge computer software, based on the CAPE-OPEN protocol, in order to analyze the process sensibility to variables set-point changes. The simulation was based on the Peng- Robinson equation of state. It was possible to verify that COCO had good accuracy with reality through the simulation of the project data of the unit. The current operational data were also simulated, and it was found through parametric analysis that the specification of the received ammonium does not have any influence on the other process variables of the industrial unit. On the other hand, the elevation of the operational pressure of the storage spheres increases the temperature of the ammonium exported to the MAP facilities in 6K. This elevation increases the ammonium s vapor pressure, its tendency to volatilize and causes pump cavitation. Through simulation, a new operational point was proposed. It was possible to obtain an energetic gain of 28.61 kW at the pumps and compressors. This gain corresponds to an energy cost reduction of 3.34% at these equipment. At this new condition, the temperature of the ammonium sent to the MAP units returned to its original projected values.