Custo adaptativo e resistência à alta temperatura de Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis, 1914) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) resistente ao parasitoide Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh, 1855) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae)
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFU |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/18042 http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2016.384 |
Resumo: | Secondary endosymbionts have been pointed out as causing aphids’ resistance to parasitoids and increased heat tolerance. However, symbionts can be eliminated by high temperatures, so that resistant insects become susceptible to parasitoids. Resistance to parasitoid can generate adaptive costs, such as reduced fecundity and longevity. The objectives of this study were to assess the adaptive cost for aphid Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis) resistant to parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh) at optimum temperature for aphid development, observe if resistance increases heat tolerance and analyze if resistance diminishes after high temperature shock. Four groups obtained from three clones (C1, C2 and C3) of L. pseudobrassicae were formed in laboratory. One of the clones produced two groups, one with resistant individuals (C1R) and the other with individuals susceptible (C1S) to D. rapae. The other two groups were composed of parasitoid-resistant clones (C2R and C3R). For each group, six Petri dishes (5cm), each containing twenty first-instar nymphs, were maintained at optimum temperature for insect development (22ºC), and six plates were submitted to high temperature shock (37ºC) for one hour. After this period, insects were maintained at 22ºC in Petri dishes (5cm) with a cabbage leaf disk over an agar layer. Aiming to verify if resistance was maintained after thermal shock, 24 nymphs from each third generation group were parasitized after thermal shock. No difference was observed in survival or fecundity of resistant and susceptible clones at optimum temperature for development of L. pseudobrassicae. Resistant clones showed longer generation time (T). However, net reproductive rate (Ro), longevity and reproductive period of resistant L. pseudobrassicae were higher than those of susceptible individuals, even when comparing resistant and susceptible individuals from the same clone. No difference in the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was observed between resistant and susceptible individuals. Survival of immatures and fecundity of all clones were reduced by thermal shock. Regardless of thermal shock, there was no parasitism in resistant clones; meanwhile, parasitism in susceptible clones was 100% without thermal shock and 95.2% after heat shock. Biological aspects and parameters in the Fertility Life Table of L. pseudobrassicae under ideal conditions for its development or after thermal shock did not show any costs or adaptive advantages to aphids resistant to D. rapae. Resistance to parasitoid was maintained even after exposure of aphids at high temperature. |
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Custo adaptativo e resistência à alta temperatura de Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis, 1914) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) resistente ao parasitoide Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh, 1855) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae)AgronomiaAfídeoCrucíferaSimbioseBrassicaceaeChoque térmicoEndossimbiontes secundáriosAphidThermal shockSecondary endosymbiontsCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIASecondary endosymbionts have been pointed out as causing aphids’ resistance to parasitoids and increased heat tolerance. However, symbionts can be eliminated by high temperatures, so that resistant insects become susceptible to parasitoids. Resistance to parasitoid can generate adaptive costs, such as reduced fecundity and longevity. The objectives of this study were to assess the adaptive cost for aphid Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis) resistant to parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh) at optimum temperature for aphid development, observe if resistance increases heat tolerance and analyze if resistance diminishes after high temperature shock. Four groups obtained from three clones (C1, C2 and C3) of L. pseudobrassicae were formed in laboratory. One of the clones produced two groups, one with resistant individuals (C1R) and the other with individuals susceptible (C1S) to D. rapae. The other two groups were composed of parasitoid-resistant clones (C2R and C3R). For each group, six Petri dishes (5cm), each containing twenty first-instar nymphs, were maintained at optimum temperature for insect development (22ºC), and six plates were submitted to high temperature shock (37ºC) for one hour. After this period, insects were maintained at 22ºC in Petri dishes (5cm) with a cabbage leaf disk over an agar layer. Aiming to verify if resistance was maintained after thermal shock, 24 nymphs from each third generation group were parasitized after thermal shock. No difference was observed in survival or fecundity of resistant and susceptible clones at optimum temperature for development of L. pseudobrassicae. Resistant clones showed longer generation time (T). However, net reproductive rate (Ro), longevity and reproductive period of resistant L. pseudobrassicae were higher than those of susceptible individuals, even when comparing resistant and susceptible individuals from the same clone. No difference in the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was observed between resistant and susceptible individuals. Survival of immatures and fecundity of all clones were reduced by thermal shock. Regardless of thermal shock, there was no parasitism in resistant clones; meanwhile, parasitism in susceptible clones was 100% without thermal shock and 95.2% after heat shock. Biological aspects and parameters in the Fertility Life Table of L. pseudobrassicae under ideal conditions for its development or after thermal shock did not show any costs or adaptive advantages to aphids resistant to D. rapae. Resistance to parasitoid was maintained even after exposure of aphids at high temperature.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorFundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas GeraisDissertação (Mestrado)Endossimbiontes secundários têm sido apontados como os causadores da resistência de pulgões aos parasitoides e do aumento da tolerância dos pulgões ao calor. Porém, os simbiontes podem ser eliminados por altas temperaturas, fazendo com que insetos resistentes se tornem suscetíveis aos parasitoides. A resistência ao parasitoide pode gerar custos adaptativos, como redução da fecundidade e da longevidade. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram verificar se há custo adaptativo para o Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis) resistente ao parasitoide Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh) em temperatura ótima para o desenvolvimento do pulgão, observar se a resistência aumenta a tolerância ao calor e analisar se essa resistência se mantém após choque térmico a alta temperatura. Em laboratório, foram formados quatro grupos de L. pseudobrassicae obtidos de três clones (C1, C2 e C3). Um dos clones originou dois grupos, um com indivíduos resistentes (C1R) e outro com indivíduos suscetíveis (C1S) a D. rapae. Os outros dois grupos foram formados por clones resistentes ao parasitoide (C2R e C3R). Para cada grupo, seis placas de Petri (5 cm), cada qual contendo vinte ninfas de primeiro instar, foram mantidas em temperatura ótima para desenvolvimento do inseto (22 ºC) e seis placas receberam choque térmico a alta temperatura (37 ºC) por uma hora. Após esse período, os insetos foram mantidos a 22 ºC em placas de Petri (5 cm) contendo um disco foliar de couve sobre uma camada de ágar. Para verificar se a resistência foi mantida após o choque térmico, foram parasitadas 24 ninfas de cada grupo da terceira geração após o choque térmico. Não foi observada diferença na sobrevivência nem na fecundidade dos clones resistentes e suscetíveis em temperatura ótima para o desenvolvimento de L. pseudobrassicae. Os clones resistentes apresentaram maior tempo entre as gerações (T). No entanto, a taxa líquida de reprodução (Ro), a longevidade e o período reprodutivo de L. pseudobrassicae resistente foram maiores que os dos suscetíveis, inclusive quando comparados indivíduos resistentes e suscetíveis do mesmo clone. Não houve diferença na taxa intrínseca de aumento populacional (rm) entre resistentes e suscetíveis. A sobrevivência de imaturos e a fecundidade de todos os clones foram reduzidas com o choque térmico. Não houve parasitismo nos clones resistentes, independentemente do choque térmico, enquanto, no clone suscetível, o parasitismo foi de 100% sem choque térmico e de 95,2% após o choque térmico. Os aspectos biológicos e parâmetros da Tabela de Vida de Fertilidade de L. pseudobrassicae em condições ideais para o desenvolvimento ou após o choque térmico não evidenciaram custos ou vantagens adaptativas aos pulgões resistentes a D. rapae. A resistência ao parasitoide foi mantida mesmo após a exposição dos pulgões a alta temperatura.Universidade Federal de UberlândiaBrasilPrograma de Pós-graduação em AgronomiaSampaio, Marcus Viniciushttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4707997E8Kornodorfer, Ana Paulahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4702269Z8Maia, Jader Bragahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4284205P7Angelini, Marina Robleshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4766963Y3Oliveira, Amanda Rosa Custódio de2017-02-15T15:27:17Z2017-02-15T15:27:17Z2016-06-30info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfOLIVEIRA, Amanda Rosa Custódio de. Custo adaptativo e resistência à alta temperatura de Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis, 1914) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) resistente ao parasitoide Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh, 1855) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae). 2016. 42 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2016. DOI http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2016.384https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/18042http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2016.384porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFUinstname:Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)instacron:UFU2020-10-06T20:32:08Zoai:repositorio.ufu.br:123456789/18042Repositório InstitucionalONGhttp://repositorio.ufu.br/oai/requestdiinf@dirbi.ufu.bropendoar:2020-10-06T20:32:08Repositório Institucional da UFU - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Custo adaptativo e resistência à alta temperatura de Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis, 1914) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) resistente ao parasitoide Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh, 1855) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) |
title |
Custo adaptativo e resistência à alta temperatura de Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis, 1914) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) resistente ao parasitoide Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh, 1855) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) |
spellingShingle |
Custo adaptativo e resistência à alta temperatura de Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis, 1914) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) resistente ao parasitoide Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh, 1855) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) Oliveira, Amanda Rosa Custódio de Agronomia Afídeo Crucífera Simbiose Brassicaceae Choque térmico Endossimbiontes secundários Aphid Thermal shock Secondary endosymbionts CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
title_short |
Custo adaptativo e resistência à alta temperatura de Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis, 1914) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) resistente ao parasitoide Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh, 1855) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) |
title_full |
Custo adaptativo e resistência à alta temperatura de Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis, 1914) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) resistente ao parasitoide Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh, 1855) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) |
title_fullStr |
Custo adaptativo e resistência à alta temperatura de Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis, 1914) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) resistente ao parasitoide Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh, 1855) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Custo adaptativo e resistência à alta temperatura de Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis, 1914) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) resistente ao parasitoide Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh, 1855) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) |
title_sort |
Custo adaptativo e resistência à alta temperatura de Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis, 1914) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) resistente ao parasitoide Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh, 1855) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) |
author |
Oliveira, Amanda Rosa Custódio de |
author_facet |
Oliveira, Amanda Rosa Custódio de |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Sampaio, Marcus Vinicius http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4707997E8 Kornodorfer, Ana Paula http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4702269Z8 Maia, Jader Braga http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4284205P7 Angelini, Marina Robles http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4766963Y3 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Oliveira, Amanda Rosa Custódio de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Agronomia Afídeo Crucífera Simbiose Brassicaceae Choque térmico Endossimbiontes secundários Aphid Thermal shock Secondary endosymbionts CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
topic |
Agronomia Afídeo Crucífera Simbiose Brassicaceae Choque térmico Endossimbiontes secundários Aphid Thermal shock Secondary endosymbionts CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
description |
Secondary endosymbionts have been pointed out as causing aphids’ resistance to parasitoids and increased heat tolerance. However, symbionts can be eliminated by high temperatures, so that resistant insects become susceptible to parasitoids. Resistance to parasitoid can generate adaptive costs, such as reduced fecundity and longevity. The objectives of this study were to assess the adaptive cost for aphid Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis) resistant to parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh) at optimum temperature for aphid development, observe if resistance increases heat tolerance and analyze if resistance diminishes after high temperature shock. Four groups obtained from three clones (C1, C2 and C3) of L. pseudobrassicae were formed in laboratory. One of the clones produced two groups, one with resistant individuals (C1R) and the other with individuals susceptible (C1S) to D. rapae. The other two groups were composed of parasitoid-resistant clones (C2R and C3R). For each group, six Petri dishes (5cm), each containing twenty first-instar nymphs, were maintained at optimum temperature for insect development (22ºC), and six plates were submitted to high temperature shock (37ºC) for one hour. After this period, insects were maintained at 22ºC in Petri dishes (5cm) with a cabbage leaf disk over an agar layer. Aiming to verify if resistance was maintained after thermal shock, 24 nymphs from each third generation group were parasitized after thermal shock. No difference was observed in survival or fecundity of resistant and susceptible clones at optimum temperature for development of L. pseudobrassicae. Resistant clones showed longer generation time (T). However, net reproductive rate (Ro), longevity and reproductive period of resistant L. pseudobrassicae were higher than those of susceptible individuals, even when comparing resistant and susceptible individuals from the same clone. No difference in the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was observed between resistant and susceptible individuals. Survival of immatures and fecundity of all clones were reduced by thermal shock. Regardless of thermal shock, there was no parasitism in resistant clones; meanwhile, parasitism in susceptible clones was 100% without thermal shock and 95.2% after heat shock. Biological aspects and parameters in the Fertility Life Table of L. pseudobrassicae under ideal conditions for its development or after thermal shock did not show any costs or adaptive advantages to aphids resistant to D. rapae. Resistance to parasitoid was maintained even after exposure of aphids at high temperature. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2016-06-30 2017-02-15T15:27:17Z 2017-02-15T15:27:17Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
OLIVEIRA, Amanda Rosa Custódio de. Custo adaptativo e resistência à alta temperatura de Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis, 1914) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) resistente ao parasitoide Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh, 1855) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae). 2016. 42 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2016. DOI http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2016.384 https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/18042 http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2016.384 |
identifier_str_mv |
OLIVEIRA, Amanda Rosa Custódio de. Custo adaptativo e resistência à alta temperatura de Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis, 1914) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) resistente ao parasitoide Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh, 1855) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae). 2016. 42 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2016. DOI http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2016.384 |
url |
https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/18042 http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2016.384 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
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application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Brasil Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Brasil Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia |
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reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFU instname:Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) instacron:UFU |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) |
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UFU |
institution |
UFU |
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Repositório Institucional da UFU |
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Repositório Institucional da UFU |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UFU - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
diinf@dirbi.ufu.br |
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1805569657310019584 |