Estudo de aplicação da pirólise rápida em leito de jorro para valorização de resíduos agroindustriais

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Borél, Lidja Dahiane Menezes Santos
Data de Publicação: 2018
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFU
Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/23378
http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ufu.te.2018.502
Resumo: The use of agroindustrial waste as a biomass source for thermo-conversion processes is a promising strategy that combines efficient management and added value generation through the energy densification of these materials. In this sense, studies that correlate the operational conditions of the pyrolysis with the quantity and quality of the products obtained can contribute to the process efficiency. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to study the bio-oil production from biomass by fast pyrolysis in a spouted bed reactor. The pyrolysis application was evaluated for two residues that are abundant in Brazil, coconut residue and brewer’s spent grain (BSG), based on physicochemical properties, the thermal degradation behavior and the products generated. Thermogravimetric analyses were carried out in an inert nitrogen atmosphere (50 mL/min) in the temperature range of 30 to 900ºC at heating rates of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50°C/min. The kinetic parameters were estimated by isoconversional methods and by independent parallel reactions model (IPR). The composition of the pyrolytic vapors was investigated via Py-GC/MS at 350, 450, 550, 650 and 750°C in an inert helium atmosphere. Both residues had good thermal properties and provided pyrolithic vapors rich in valuable chemicals from an industrial perspective. However, BSG presented more suitable physical properties to handle the sand/biomass mixture in the spout bed, higher volatiles content, better predictive deposition indexes, higher reactivity and more hydrocarbons as pyrolytic products. Conventional pyrolysis of the fixed bed malt produced high HHV (27.1 to 28.3 kJ/g), low ash (11.5%) and sulfur (<0.6%). In the liquid fraction, the presence of phenols and ketones precursors of several compounds in the chemical industry, besides pyrazines, which are used in the pharmaceutical industry. In this way, the valorization potential of BSG by thermochemical conversion was proved. In sequence, the fluid dynamic behavior of mixture of sand and BSG in the spouted bed was evaluated. The tests were performed with mixtures with different mass fraction of BSG (6% to 80%) and static bed height (6.6 cm to 13.4 cm). Empirical equations for predicting the minimum spouting condition and the mixing index were obtained by regression technique. The segregation profile was accentuated by the increase of the bed mass, but it remained acceptable (IM ≈ 1) even for rich biomass mixtures. However, in order to optimize heat transfer from the sand to the biomass, the operating conditions chosen for pyrolysis tests under nitrogen flow (4 m3/h) at 550ºC were the lowest values of the variables xD and Ho. The operation of the experimental unit provided acceptable yields of gas (52.3%), bio oil (42.4%) and char (5.4%) with adequate residence time (from 0.7 to 0.8 s) compared to other operating pyrolysis plants reported in the literature. The bio-oil produced was a mixture that was rich in phenolic compounds; various nitrogenated compounds, precursors of the pharmaceutical industry; and long-chain hydrocarbons.
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spelling Estudo de aplicação da pirólise rápida em leito de jorro para valorização de resíduos agroindustriaisStudy on the performance of fast pyrolysis in spouted bed for the valorization of agroindustrial residuesBagaço de malteResíduo agroindustrialLeito de jorroPirólise rápidaMistura de partículasBrewer’s spent grainAgroindustrial residueSpouted bedFast pyrolysisParticle mixingEngenharia químicaResíduos industriaisPiróliseMalte - BagaçoCNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::OPERACOES INDUSTRIAIS E EQUIPAMENTOS PARA ENGENHARIA QUIMICAThe use of agroindustrial waste as a biomass source for thermo-conversion processes is a promising strategy that combines efficient management and added value generation through the energy densification of these materials. In this sense, studies that correlate the operational conditions of the pyrolysis with the quantity and quality of the products obtained can contribute to the process efficiency. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to study the bio-oil production from biomass by fast pyrolysis in a spouted bed reactor. The pyrolysis application was evaluated for two residues that are abundant in Brazil, coconut residue and brewer’s spent grain (BSG), based on physicochemical properties, the thermal degradation behavior and the products generated. Thermogravimetric analyses were carried out in an inert nitrogen atmosphere (50 mL/min) in the temperature range of 30 to 900ºC at heating rates of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50°C/min. The kinetic parameters were estimated by isoconversional methods and by independent parallel reactions model (IPR). The composition of the pyrolytic vapors was investigated via Py-GC/MS at 350, 450, 550, 650 and 750°C in an inert helium atmosphere. Both residues had good thermal properties and provided pyrolithic vapors rich in valuable chemicals from an industrial perspective. However, BSG presented more suitable physical properties to handle the sand/biomass mixture in the spout bed, higher volatiles content, better predictive deposition indexes, higher reactivity and more hydrocarbons as pyrolytic products. Conventional pyrolysis of the fixed bed malt produced high HHV (27.1 to 28.3 kJ/g), low ash (11.5%) and sulfur (<0.6%). In the liquid fraction, the presence of phenols and ketones precursors of several compounds in the chemical industry, besides pyrazines, which are used in the pharmaceutical industry. In this way, the valorization potential of BSG by thermochemical conversion was proved. In sequence, the fluid dynamic behavior of mixture of sand and BSG in the spouted bed was evaluated. The tests were performed with mixtures with different mass fraction of BSG (6% to 80%) and static bed height (6.6 cm to 13.4 cm). Empirical equations for predicting the minimum spouting condition and the mixing index were obtained by regression technique. The segregation profile was accentuated by the increase of the bed mass, but it remained acceptable (IM ≈ 1) even for rich biomass mixtures. However, in order to optimize heat transfer from the sand to the biomass, the operating conditions chosen for pyrolysis tests under nitrogen flow (4 m3/h) at 550ºC were the lowest values of the variables xD and Ho. The operation of the experimental unit provided acceptable yields of gas (52.3%), bio oil (42.4%) and char (5.4%) with adequate residence time (from 0.7 to 0.8 s) compared to other operating pyrolysis plants reported in the literature. The bio-oil produced was a mixture that was rich in phenolic compounds; various nitrogenated compounds, precursors of the pharmaceutical industry; and long-chain hydrocarbons.CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorTese (Doutorado)O aproveitamento de resíduos agroindustriais como fonte de biomassa para processos de termoconversão é uma estratégia promissora que combina a gestão eficiente destes resíduos e a geração de valor agregado através da densificação energética. Nesse sentido, estudos que correlacionem as condições operacionais da pirólise com a quantidade e qualidade dos produtos obtidos podem contribuir para o aumento da eficiência desse processo. Assim, o objetivo principal deste trabalho foi estudar a produção de bio-óleo a partir de biomassa usando um sistema de pirólise convencional e concebendo uma unidade experimental de pirólise rápida com reator em leito de jorro. A aplicação de pirólise foi avaliada para dois resíduos que são abundantes no Brasil, resíduo de coco e bagaço de malte, com base nas propriedades físico-químicas, no comportamento de degradação térmica e nos produtos gerados. As análises termogravimétricas foram realizadas sob atmosfera inerte de nitrogênio (50 mL/min) na faixa de temperatura de 30 a 900ºC com taxas de aquecimento de 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 e 50°C/min. Os parâmetros cinéticos foram estimados por métodos isoconversionais e pelo modelo de reações paralelas independentes (RPI). A composição dos vapores pirolíticos foi investigada via Pi-GC/MS a 350, 450, 550, 650 e 750°C sob atmosfera inerte de hélio. Ambos os resíduos apresentaram boas propriedades térmicas e forneceram vapores pirolíticos ricos em insumos químicos valiosos sob perspectiva industrial. No entanto, o bagaço de malte apresentou propriedades físicas mais adequadas para processamento da mistura areia/biomassa no leito de jorro, maior teor de voláteis, melhores índices de deposição preditiva, maior reatividade e mais hidrocarbonetos como produtos pirolíticos. A pirólise convencional do bagaço de malte em leito fixo produziu carvão com alto poder calorífico (27,1 a 28,3 kJ/g), baixo teor de cinzas (11,5%) e de enxofre (< 0,6%). Na fração líquida, identificou-se a presença de fenóis e cetonas precursores de diversos compostos na indústria química, além de pirazinas, que são utilizadas na indústria farmacêutica. Desse modo, comprovou-se o potencial promissor de valorização do bagaço de malte através de conversão termoquímica. Na seqüência, foi avaliado o comportamento fluidodinâmico da mistura de areia e bagaço de malte no leito de jorro. Os testes foram realizados com misturas com diferentes frações mássicas de biomassa (6% a 80%) e altura de leito estático (6,6 cm a 13,4 cm). Equações empíricas para predição da condição de jorro mínimo e do índice de mistura foram obtidas pela técnica de regressão. O perfil de segregação foi acentuado pelo aumento da massa do leito, mas permaneceu aceitável (IM ≈ 1) mesmo para misturas ricas em biomassa. Apesar disso, para potencializar a transferência de calor a partir da areia para a biomassa, as condições operacionais escolhidas para os testes de pirólise sob fluxo de nitrogênio (4 m3/h) a 550ºC foram os menores valores das variáveis xD e Ho. A operação da unidade experimental proporcionou rendimentos de gás (52,3%), bio-óleo (42,4%) e carvão (5,4%) aceitáveis, com tempo de residência (entre 0,7 e 0,8 s) adequado. O bio-óleo produzido foi uma mistura rica em compostos fenólicos; vários compostos nitrogenados, precursores da indústria farmacêutica; e hidrocarbonetos de cadeia longa.Universidade Federal de UberlândiaBrasilPrograma de Pós-graduação em Engenharia QuímicaAtaíde, Carlos Henriquehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1181660568548980Barrozo, Marcos Antonio de Souzahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7024983341494297Duarte, Cláudio Robertohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8399881058983357Coutinho Filho, Ubirajarahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6765133716503854Santos, Kássia Graciele doshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9680475824447820Taham, Thiagohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9340082326893212Borél, Lidja Dahiane Menezes Santos2018-12-18T11:02:36Z2018-12-18T11:02:36Z2018-12-14info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfBORÉL, Lidja Dahiane Menezes Santos. Estudo de aplicação da pirólise rápida em leito de jorro para valorização de resíduos agroindustriais. 2018. 174 f. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Química) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2018. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ufu.te.2018.502.https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/23378http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ufu.te.2018.502porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFUinstname:Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)instacron:UFU2018-12-18T11:02:36Zoai:repositorio.ufu.br:123456789/23378Repositório InstitucionalONGhttp://repositorio.ufu.br/oai/requestdiinf@dirbi.ufu.bropendoar:2018-12-18T11:02:36Repositório Institucional da UFU - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Estudo de aplicação da pirólise rápida em leito de jorro para valorização de resíduos agroindustriais
Study on the performance of fast pyrolysis in spouted bed for the valorization of agroindustrial residues
title Estudo de aplicação da pirólise rápida em leito de jorro para valorização de resíduos agroindustriais
spellingShingle Estudo de aplicação da pirólise rápida em leito de jorro para valorização de resíduos agroindustriais
Borél, Lidja Dahiane Menezes Santos
Bagaço de malte
Resíduo agroindustrial
Leito de jorro
Pirólise rápida
Mistura de partículas
Brewer’s spent grain
Agroindustrial residue
Spouted bed
Fast pyrolysis
Particle mixing
Engenharia química
Resíduos industriais
Pirólise
Malte - Bagaço
CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::OPERACOES INDUSTRIAIS E EQUIPAMENTOS PARA ENGENHARIA QUIMICA
title_short Estudo de aplicação da pirólise rápida em leito de jorro para valorização de resíduos agroindustriais
title_full Estudo de aplicação da pirólise rápida em leito de jorro para valorização de resíduos agroindustriais
title_fullStr Estudo de aplicação da pirólise rápida em leito de jorro para valorização de resíduos agroindustriais
title_full_unstemmed Estudo de aplicação da pirólise rápida em leito de jorro para valorização de resíduos agroindustriais
title_sort Estudo de aplicação da pirólise rápida em leito de jorro para valorização de resíduos agroindustriais
author Borél, Lidja Dahiane Menezes Santos
author_facet Borél, Lidja Dahiane Menezes Santos
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ataíde, Carlos Henrique
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1181660568548980
Barrozo, Marcos Antonio de Souza
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7024983341494297
Duarte, Cláudio Roberto
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8399881058983357
Coutinho Filho, Ubirajara
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6765133716503854
Santos, Kássia Graciele dos
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9680475824447820
Taham, Thiago
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9340082326893212
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Borél, Lidja Dahiane Menezes Santos
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Bagaço de malte
Resíduo agroindustrial
Leito de jorro
Pirólise rápida
Mistura de partículas
Brewer’s spent grain
Agroindustrial residue
Spouted bed
Fast pyrolysis
Particle mixing
Engenharia química
Resíduos industriais
Pirólise
Malte - Bagaço
CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::OPERACOES INDUSTRIAIS E EQUIPAMENTOS PARA ENGENHARIA QUIMICA
topic Bagaço de malte
Resíduo agroindustrial
Leito de jorro
Pirólise rápida
Mistura de partículas
Brewer’s spent grain
Agroindustrial residue
Spouted bed
Fast pyrolysis
Particle mixing
Engenharia química
Resíduos industriais
Pirólise
Malte - Bagaço
CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::OPERACOES INDUSTRIAIS E EQUIPAMENTOS PARA ENGENHARIA QUIMICA
description The use of agroindustrial waste as a biomass source for thermo-conversion processes is a promising strategy that combines efficient management and added value generation through the energy densification of these materials. In this sense, studies that correlate the operational conditions of the pyrolysis with the quantity and quality of the products obtained can contribute to the process efficiency. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to study the bio-oil production from biomass by fast pyrolysis in a spouted bed reactor. The pyrolysis application was evaluated for two residues that are abundant in Brazil, coconut residue and brewer’s spent grain (BSG), based on physicochemical properties, the thermal degradation behavior and the products generated. Thermogravimetric analyses were carried out in an inert nitrogen atmosphere (50 mL/min) in the temperature range of 30 to 900ºC at heating rates of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50°C/min. The kinetic parameters were estimated by isoconversional methods and by independent parallel reactions model (IPR). The composition of the pyrolytic vapors was investigated via Py-GC/MS at 350, 450, 550, 650 and 750°C in an inert helium atmosphere. Both residues had good thermal properties and provided pyrolithic vapors rich in valuable chemicals from an industrial perspective. However, BSG presented more suitable physical properties to handle the sand/biomass mixture in the spout bed, higher volatiles content, better predictive deposition indexes, higher reactivity and more hydrocarbons as pyrolytic products. Conventional pyrolysis of the fixed bed malt produced high HHV (27.1 to 28.3 kJ/g), low ash (11.5%) and sulfur (<0.6%). In the liquid fraction, the presence of phenols and ketones precursors of several compounds in the chemical industry, besides pyrazines, which are used in the pharmaceutical industry. In this way, the valorization potential of BSG by thermochemical conversion was proved. In sequence, the fluid dynamic behavior of mixture of sand and BSG in the spouted bed was evaluated. The tests were performed with mixtures with different mass fraction of BSG (6% to 80%) and static bed height (6.6 cm to 13.4 cm). Empirical equations for predicting the minimum spouting condition and the mixing index were obtained by regression technique. The segregation profile was accentuated by the increase of the bed mass, but it remained acceptable (IM ≈ 1) even for rich biomass mixtures. However, in order to optimize heat transfer from the sand to the biomass, the operating conditions chosen for pyrolysis tests under nitrogen flow (4 m3/h) at 550ºC were the lowest values of the variables xD and Ho. The operation of the experimental unit provided acceptable yields of gas (52.3%), bio oil (42.4%) and char (5.4%) with adequate residence time (from 0.7 to 0.8 s) compared to other operating pyrolysis plants reported in the literature. The bio-oil produced was a mixture that was rich in phenolic compounds; various nitrogenated compounds, precursors of the pharmaceutical industry; and long-chain hydrocarbons.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018-12-18T11:02:36Z
2018-12-18T11:02:36Z
2018-12-14
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
format doctoralThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv BORÉL, Lidja Dahiane Menezes Santos. Estudo de aplicação da pirólise rápida em leito de jorro para valorização de resíduos agroindustriais. 2018. 174 f. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Química) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2018. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ufu.te.2018.502.
https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/23378
http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ufu.te.2018.502
identifier_str_mv BORÉL, Lidja Dahiane Menezes Santos. Estudo de aplicação da pirólise rápida em leito de jorro para valorização de resíduos agroindustriais. 2018. 174 f. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Química) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2018. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ufu.te.2018.502.
url https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/23378
http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ufu.te.2018.502
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
Brasil
Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
Brasil
Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFU
instname:Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)
instacron:UFU
instname_str Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)
instacron_str UFU
institution UFU
reponame_str Repositório Institucional da UFU
collection Repositório Institucional da UFU
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Institucional da UFU - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv diinf@dirbi.ufu.br
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