Diversidade genética e subcoleção representativa dos acessos de tomateiro do Banco de Germoplasma de Hortaliças da Universidade Federal de Viçosa

• Autor(a) principal: Marim, Bruno Garcia
• Data de Publicação: 2006
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4662
• topic: Lycopersicon esculentum; Recursos genéticos; Pré-melhoramento; Lycopersicon esculentum; Genetic resources; Breeding; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA::MELHORAMENTO VEGETAL

The objectives of this work went to evaluate the genetic diversity and to elaborate a representative core col of the tomato accesses of the Vegetable Germoplasm Bank at the UFV. Were evaluated 70 accesses of tomato at the BGH-UFV divided in three experiments mounted in blocks and three repetitions. They were used you cultivate them Santa Clara and Débora Plus, as witness, in the three experiments. The data were analyzed considering groups of experiments. Before all the statistical analyses the averages of the accesses were corrected in agreement with the environmental effect of each experiment. To evaluate the genetic diversity among the accesses they took place analyses univariate and multivariate. The analyses univariate were: contrast between the averages of the accesses and witness and coincidence coefficient between the original data and the corrected data. The multivariate analyses were: grouping of Tocher and relative importance of the characteristics. Significant differences were verified among the averages of the accesses and of the witness for the characteristics length of the leaf, length of the stem, length of the fruit, width of the fruit, thickness of the endocarp, width of the central axis, lóculos number, number of good fruits, weight of good fruits, I weigh medium of the fruits, total number of fruits, total weight of fruits, precocity index, total soluble solids and quality of fruit. The characteristics with the smallest coincidence coefficients were: length of the stem, weight of good fruits and weigh of total of fruits, demonstrating that these characteristics are very influenced by the environment. For the analysis of grouping of Tocher, the accesses were separate in 10 groups, and, together with the witness, 28 accesses were allocated, what means similarity among these. On the other hand the accesses 981, 997, 989, 978 and 1214 were divergence the witness and they had superior averages for medium weight of the fruits, total weight of the fruits and total soluble solids. For definition of the representative core collection that best represented the tomato accesses of BGH-UFV they took place the calculations of the index of variability retention. Twelve representative core collection were developed, being derived of the combination among the sampling strategies, of sampling intensity and of definition of the number of accesses sampling for extract. The sampling strategies used they were aleatory and multivariate. The appraised intensities were 15, 20 and 30% and the strategies of definition of the number of accesses smapling for extract they were proportional and logarithmic. The chosen representative core collection was ML-30, in other words, sampling based on multivariate analyses, number of accesses defined for the logarithmic strategy and intensity of sampling of 30%. With this representative core collection it was possible the reduction of the number of tomato accesses they be maintained by BGH- UFV in 70%, in other words, with only 21 accesses, of the appraised 70, it was possible to represent approximately 90% of the existent variability.