Avaliação da suscetibilidade à erosão e proposição de zoneamento estratégico com vistas à sustentabilidade da bacia hidrográfica do rio Piranga, MG

• Autor(a) principal: Camargo, Rodrigo de Arruda
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3774
• topic: Erosão; Zoneamento estratégico; Rio Piranga; Erosion; Zoning strategy; Piranga River; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::RECURSOS HIDRICOS

The Piranga River watershed lies within a region in Brazil which requires special attention because of negative environmental impacts from uncontrolled deforestation during the expansion of the agricultural activity, inadequate soil management and untreated effluent discharge, and also because of its low level of socioeconomic development. In addition, the Piranga River watershed has singular characteristics related to the potential occurrence of floods. Thus it is essential to implement a new developing model aimed at harmonizing the generation of financial resources to the population and the conservation of native vegetation and water resources so that the economic changes approach a model which guarantees sustainability in the region. For these reasons, the objective of this study was to propose a zoning plan for the strategic development of the Piranga River watershed, considering socioeconomic variables, land use change, soil cover and characteristics of the physical environment. The digital database for the Piranga River watershed was prepared. Topographic maps from IBGE were used to produce the Altimetric, Slope and Hydrographic Maps. The Land Use and Vegetation Cover Maps were obtained by means of classification of Landsat 5 TM satellite images for 2001 and 2010. Changes in land use and vegetation cover were analyzed to obtain the Land Use and Vegetation Cover Diagnosis. For the period from 2001 to 2010 an increase in anthropic activities was observed, mostly due to the expansion of livestock and agriculture over vegetated areas which were reduced in 12%. The multi-criterion analysis was used to obtain the Erosion Vulnerability Map after treating factors of the Pedologic Map, Land Use Map, Vegetation Cover Map in 2010, Geomorphological Map, Slope Map and annual erosivity data. The analysis showed that the erosion vulnerability classes high and very high accounted for 86% of the area mostly due to its pedologic characteristics and steep slopes. The multi-criterion analysis enabled the selection of 96,106 ha suitable for the strategic development zoning. These s are suitable for agroforestry systems and livestock, as long as adequate management practices are implemented. The zoning proposed in this paper combined with public incentive for local development has great potential to improve the quality of life of the population living in the region.