Solos e geomorfologia da borda leste da Península Warszawa, Ilha Rei George, Antártica Marítima

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Bremer, Ulisses Franz
Data de Publicação: 2008
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1593
Resumo: On the eastern Warszawa Peninsula, King Georg Island, penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) can be seen nesting on the rocky coasts, low moraines on the shoreline and second level, or higher, marine terraces. Thus, ornithogenic soils derived from these bird colonies are generally shallow, presenting phosphatization depth far lower than the ornithogenic soils of Pygoscelis adeliae rookeries, which occupy the higher grounds of the Antarctic Specially Protected Area Western Shore of Admiralty Bay (ASPA 128). Field work and laboratory analysis of ornithogenic soils, between Sphinx Point, inside Admiralty Bay, and Telefon Point, bordering the Bransfield strait, permitted the differentiation of these soils from other ASPA 128 ornithogenic ecosystems. A mosaic of small format aerial photographs taken in 2004, and the interpretation of a 2006 Quickbird satellite image allowed the contrast and geomorphologic classification of the study site. These products also made it possible to outline the main vegetation communities and establish some geoecological relations of the area by modeling the solar radiation using the Solar Analyst function on ArcView 3.2a software. Soil sample chemical analyses from the extreme southern sector of ASPA128 studied profiles presented exceptionally high values for P. Available Mehlich-1 extractable P concentrations reached higher values than those found by Schaefer et al. (2004) in the soils between Thomas Point and Ecology Glacier, near Arctowski Station, as well as those found by Michel et al. (2006), between Ecology Glacier and Sphinx Point, near Copacabana. From Telefon Point, P2 and P3 profiles are noteworthy, showing values for P of 20054.5 mg dm-3 and 8667.9 mg dm-3, respectfully. These values suggest an important reactivity of the phosphate lixiviated solutions of guano interacting with the rocky substrate, under cryoturbation and, thus, intensively fractured and vulnerable to percolation of per descendum solutions. In this way, combining rookery habitat with the shallow soils, permitting the organic matter to accumulate even though part of the material returns to the sea through surface flow channels. These P. antarctica ornithogenic soils also show very high values of exchangeable Na, demonstrating a marine influence due to the exposure of the soil to the beach sea spray or blown inshore. At Uchatka and Demay points, around Paradise Cove, older rookeries present P concentrations a lot lower than the levels found at the current rookeries and, although anomalous to non-ornithogenic soils, maintaining the trend of shallower soils, with the exception of profile D5, the deepest and most developed of the whole dataset. P levels compare to soils of sites that were colonized by P. adeliae at the Arctowski and Copacabana sites. The acidification promoted by weathering and vegetation cover, mainly the angiosperms Deschampsia antarctica and Colobanthus quitensis, frequently associated to bryophytes, is capable of reducing the pH (4.76-5.23) and high solulability forms of Al for the solution. Lichens compose the largest community of flora on the eastern Warszawa Peninsula, in which usneas from the genus Neuropogon make up 7.7% in the studied area. The vegetated areas are predominant in places where the average global radiation values are above the general average. Despite the importance of this flora, 88.1% of the southern sector of the ASPA128 is absent or rare of having any vegetation. This is due to the short period of time in which these terrains, up until recently, were ice covered, concentrating rookery activity in a few sites on the coast, consequently not promoting soil development.
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spelling Bremer, Ulisses Franzhttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4721756H5Francelino, Márcio Rochahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4794183U4Fernandes Filho, Elpídio Ináciohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4703656Z4Schaefer, Carlos Ernesto Gonçalves Reynaudhttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4723204Y8Simas, Felipe Nogueira Bellohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4766936J5Abrahão, Walter Antônio Pereirahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4798343H62015-03-26T12:52:38Z2009-08-112015-03-26T12:52:38Z2008-04-25BREMER, Ulisses Franz. Soils and geomorphology of the Eastern Warszawa Peninsula, King George Island, maritime Antarctica. 2008. 136 f. Tese (Doutorado em Fertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas; Gênese, Morfologia e Classificação, Mineralogia, Química,) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2008.http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1593On the eastern Warszawa Peninsula, King Georg Island, penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) can be seen nesting on the rocky coasts, low moraines on the shoreline and second level, or higher, marine terraces. Thus, ornithogenic soils derived from these bird colonies are generally shallow, presenting phosphatization depth far lower than the ornithogenic soils of Pygoscelis adeliae rookeries, which occupy the higher grounds of the Antarctic Specially Protected Area Western Shore of Admiralty Bay (ASPA 128). Field work and laboratory analysis of ornithogenic soils, between Sphinx Point, inside Admiralty Bay, and Telefon Point, bordering the Bransfield strait, permitted the differentiation of these soils from other ASPA 128 ornithogenic ecosystems. A mosaic of small format aerial photographs taken in 2004, and the interpretation of a 2006 Quickbird satellite image allowed the contrast and geomorphologic classification of the study site. These products also made it possible to outline the main vegetation communities and establish some geoecological relations of the area by modeling the solar radiation using the Solar Analyst function on ArcView 3.2a software. Soil sample chemical analyses from the extreme southern sector of ASPA128 studied profiles presented exceptionally high values for P. Available Mehlich-1 extractable P concentrations reached higher values than those found by Schaefer et al. (2004) in the soils between Thomas Point and Ecology Glacier, near Arctowski Station, as well as those found by Michel et al. (2006), between Ecology Glacier and Sphinx Point, near Copacabana. From Telefon Point, P2 and P3 profiles are noteworthy, showing values for P of 20054.5 mg dm-3 and 8667.9 mg dm-3, respectfully. These values suggest an important reactivity of the phosphate lixiviated solutions of guano interacting with the rocky substrate, under cryoturbation and, thus, intensively fractured and vulnerable to percolation of per descendum solutions. In this way, combining rookery habitat with the shallow soils, permitting the organic matter to accumulate even though part of the material returns to the sea through surface flow channels. These P. antarctica ornithogenic soils also show very high values of exchangeable Na, demonstrating a marine influence due to the exposure of the soil to the beach sea spray or blown inshore. At Uchatka and Demay points, around Paradise Cove, older rookeries present P concentrations a lot lower than the levels found at the current rookeries and, although anomalous to non-ornithogenic soils, maintaining the trend of shallower soils, with the exception of profile D5, the deepest and most developed of the whole dataset. P levels compare to soils of sites that were colonized by P. adeliae at the Arctowski and Copacabana sites. The acidification promoted by weathering and vegetation cover, mainly the angiosperms Deschampsia antarctica and Colobanthus quitensis, frequently associated to bryophytes, is capable of reducing the pH (4.76-5.23) and high solulability forms of Al for the solution. Lichens compose the largest community of flora on the eastern Warszawa Peninsula, in which usneas from the genus Neuropogon make up 7.7% in the studied area. The vegetated areas are predominant in places where the average global radiation values are above the general average. Despite the importance of this flora, 88.1% of the southern sector of the ASPA128 is absent or rare of having any vegetation. This is due to the short period of time in which these terrains, up until recently, were ice covered, concentrating rookery activity in a few sites on the coast, consequently not promoting soil development.No leste da península Warszawa, na ilha Rei George, pingüins da espécie Pygoscelis antarctica podem ser encontrados nidificando sobre costões rochosos, morainas baixas junto ao litoral, e terraços marinhos de segundo nível ou superiores. Deste modo, solos ornitogênicos derivados da atividade desses pingüins são em geral rasos, apresentando profundidade de fosfatização bem inferior aos solos ornitogênicos de pingüineiras de P. adeliae, que ocupam setores mais elevados da Área Antártica Especialmente Protegida Costa Ocidental da Baía do Almirantado (AAEP 128). Trabalhos de campo e de laboratório com solos ornitogênicos, entre a ponta Sphinx, na baía do Almirantado, e a ponta Telefon, no estreito Bransfield, permitiram diferenciá-los dos demais ecossistemas ornitogênicos da AAEP 128. O mosaico de aerofotos de pequeno formato tomadas em 2004 e a interpretação de uma imagem do satélite Quickbird, de 2006, permitiram a diferenciação e classificação geomorfológica da área de estudo. Estes produtos também possibilitaram delimitar as principais comunidades vegetais e estabelecer algumas relações geoecológicas, através da modelagem da radiação solar pela extensão Solar Analyst do programa ArcView 3.2a. As análises químicas de amostras de solo coletadas em perfis abertos no extremo sul da AAEP 128 apresentam valores de P extremamente elevados. Os teores de fósforo disponível extraíveis pelo extrator de Melich, atingem valores mais altos que os encontrados por Schaefer et al. (2004) em solos entre a ponta Thomas e a geleira Ecology, próximo da estação Arctowski, e por Michel et al. (2006), entre a geleira Ecology e a ponta Sphinx, próximo da estação Copacabana. Destacam-se os perfis P2 e P3, da ponta Telefon, com valores de 20054,5 mg dm-3 e 8667,9 mg dm-3 de P, respectivamente. Esses valores denotam a importante reatividade de soluções de lixiviados fosfáticos de guano em interação com substratos rochosos, quando estes se encontram crioturbados e, portanto, intensamente fraturados, e suscetíveis de percolarem soluções per descendum. Assim, tem-se a combinação do habitat de nidificação com a pouca profundidade dos solos permitindo que a matéria orgânica se acumule mesmo que parte do material retorne ao mar por canais de escoamento superficial. Estes solos ornitogênicos de P. antarctica também demonstram valores muito elevados de Na trocável, fato que aponta para a influência marinha, ficando o solo exposto aos sprays salinos provenientes da arrebentação ou trazidos pelo vento. Nas pontas Uchatka e Demay, junto à angra Paradise, os sítios de nidificação antigos demonstram teores de P muito inferiores aos teores das pingüineiras atuais e, ainda que anômalos em relação a solos não ornitogênicos, mantêm a tendência de solos mais rasos, com exceção do perfil D5, o mais profundo e desenvolvido dentre todos. Os teores de P aí se comparam aos de solos de locais colonizados por P. adeliae. Nos solos das áreas de Arctowski e Copacabana, a acidificação promovida pelo intemperismo e pela cobertura vegetal das angiospermas Deschampsia antarctica e Colobanthus quitensis, muitas vezes associadas a briófitas, é capaz de promover abaixamento do pH (4,76-5,23) e forte solubilização de formas de Al para solução. A maior comunidade florística no leste da península Warszawa é a de liquens, sendo que úsneas do gênero Neuropogon ocupam 7,7% da área estudada. As áreas vegetadas predominam em locais onde os valores médios da radiação global são superiores à média geral. Apesar da importância desta flora, 88,1% da área do sul da AAEP128 caracteriza-se pela ausência ou escassez de cobertura vegetal. Isto se dá em razão do curto período de exposição dos terrenos que até recentemente estavam cobertos de gelo; em razão da concentração de animais em poucos pontos junto ao litoral; e, conseqüentemente, do pouco desenvolvimento dos solos.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de ViçosaDoutorado em Solos e Nutrição de PlantasUFVBRFertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas; Gênese, Morfologia e Classificação, Mineralogia, Química,AntárticaCriossolosSolos ornitogênicosGeomorfologia periglacialAntarcticaCryosoilsOrnithogenic soilsPeriglacial geomorphologyCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLOSolos e geomorfologia da borda leste da Península Warszawa, Ilha Rei George, Antártica MarítimaSoils and geomorphology of the Eastern Warszawa Peninsula, King George Island, maritime Antarcticainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFVinstname:Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)instacron:UFVORIGINALtexto completo.pdfapplication/pdf4164628https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/1593/1/texto%20completo.pdf5e7c2539c1ea618a193ee0f7216e37bfMD51TEXTtexto completo.pdf.txttexto completo.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain237101https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/1593/2/texto%20completo.pdf.txtb8671e34ac98055a7175b767e0facf66MD52THUMBNAILtexto completo.pdf.jpgtexto completo.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg3630https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/1593/3/texto%20completo.pdf.jpgac2e54f3906b8d8c20255fbda2436948MD53123456789/15932016-04-07 23:08:19.429oai:locus.ufv.br:123456789/1593Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.locus.ufv.br/oai/requestfabiojreis@ufv.bropendoar:21452016-04-08T02:08:19LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)false
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Solos e geomorfologia da borda leste da Península Warszawa, Ilha Rei George, Antártica Marítima
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv Soils and geomorphology of the Eastern Warszawa Peninsula, King George Island, maritime Antarctica
title Solos e geomorfologia da borda leste da Península Warszawa, Ilha Rei George, Antártica Marítima
spellingShingle Solos e geomorfologia da borda leste da Península Warszawa, Ilha Rei George, Antártica Marítima
Bremer, Ulisses Franz
Antártica
Criossolos
Solos ornitogênicos
Geomorfologia periglacial
Antarctica
Cryosoils
Ornithogenic soils
Periglacial geomorphology
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO
title_short Solos e geomorfologia da borda leste da Península Warszawa, Ilha Rei George, Antártica Marítima
title_full Solos e geomorfologia da borda leste da Península Warszawa, Ilha Rei George, Antártica Marítima
title_fullStr Solos e geomorfologia da borda leste da Península Warszawa, Ilha Rei George, Antártica Marítima
title_full_unstemmed Solos e geomorfologia da borda leste da Península Warszawa, Ilha Rei George, Antártica Marítima
title_sort Solos e geomorfologia da borda leste da Península Warszawa, Ilha Rei George, Antártica Marítima
author Bremer, Ulisses Franz
author_facet Bremer, Ulisses Franz
author_role author
dc.contributor.authorLattes.por.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4721756H5
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Bremer, Ulisses Franz
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv Francelino, Márcio Rocha
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4794183U4
dc.contributor.advisor-co2.fl_str_mv Fernandes Filho, Elpídio Inácio
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4703656Z4
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Schaefer, Carlos Ernesto Gonçalves Reynaud
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4723204Y8
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Simas, Felipe Nogueira Bello
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4766936J5
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Abrahão, Walter Antônio Pereira
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4798343H6
contributor_str_mv Francelino, Márcio Rocha
Fernandes Filho, Elpídio Inácio
Schaefer, Carlos Ernesto Gonçalves Reynaud
Simas, Felipe Nogueira Bello
Abrahão, Walter Antônio Pereira
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Antártica
Criossolos
Solos ornitogênicos
Geomorfologia periglacial
topic Antártica
Criossolos
Solos ornitogênicos
Geomorfologia periglacial
Antarctica
Cryosoils
Ornithogenic soils
Periglacial geomorphology
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Antarctica
Cryosoils
Ornithogenic soils
Periglacial geomorphology
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO
description On the eastern Warszawa Peninsula, King Georg Island, penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) can be seen nesting on the rocky coasts, low moraines on the shoreline and second level, or higher, marine terraces. Thus, ornithogenic soils derived from these bird colonies are generally shallow, presenting phosphatization depth far lower than the ornithogenic soils of Pygoscelis adeliae rookeries, which occupy the higher grounds of the Antarctic Specially Protected Area Western Shore of Admiralty Bay (ASPA 128). Field work and laboratory analysis of ornithogenic soils, between Sphinx Point, inside Admiralty Bay, and Telefon Point, bordering the Bransfield strait, permitted the differentiation of these soils from other ASPA 128 ornithogenic ecosystems. A mosaic of small format aerial photographs taken in 2004, and the interpretation of a 2006 Quickbird satellite image allowed the contrast and geomorphologic classification of the study site. These products also made it possible to outline the main vegetation communities and establish some geoecological relations of the area by modeling the solar radiation using the Solar Analyst function on ArcView 3.2a software. Soil sample chemical analyses from the extreme southern sector of ASPA128 studied profiles presented exceptionally high values for P. Available Mehlich-1 extractable P concentrations reached higher values than those found by Schaefer et al. (2004) in the soils between Thomas Point and Ecology Glacier, near Arctowski Station, as well as those found by Michel et al. (2006), between Ecology Glacier and Sphinx Point, near Copacabana. From Telefon Point, P2 and P3 profiles are noteworthy, showing values for P of 20054.5 mg dm-3 and 8667.9 mg dm-3, respectfully. These values suggest an important reactivity of the phosphate lixiviated solutions of guano interacting with the rocky substrate, under cryoturbation and, thus, intensively fractured and vulnerable to percolation of per descendum solutions. In this way, combining rookery habitat with the shallow soils, permitting the organic matter to accumulate even though part of the material returns to the sea through surface flow channels. These P. antarctica ornithogenic soils also show very high values of exchangeable Na, demonstrating a marine influence due to the exposure of the soil to the beach sea spray or blown inshore. At Uchatka and Demay points, around Paradise Cove, older rookeries present P concentrations a lot lower than the levels found at the current rookeries and, although anomalous to non-ornithogenic soils, maintaining the trend of shallower soils, with the exception of profile D5, the deepest and most developed of the whole dataset. P levels compare to soils of sites that were colonized by P. adeliae at the Arctowski and Copacabana sites. The acidification promoted by weathering and vegetation cover, mainly the angiosperms Deschampsia antarctica and Colobanthus quitensis, frequently associated to bryophytes, is capable of reducing the pH (4.76-5.23) and high solulability forms of Al for the solution. Lichens compose the largest community of flora on the eastern Warszawa Peninsula, in which usneas from the genus Neuropogon make up 7.7% in the studied area. The vegetated areas are predominant in places where the average global radiation values are above the general average. Despite the importance of this flora, 88.1% of the southern sector of the ASPA128 is absent or rare of having any vegetation. This is due to the short period of time in which these terrains, up until recently, were ice covered, concentrating rookery activity in a few sites on the coast, consequently not promoting soil development.
publishDate 2008
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2008-04-25
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2009-08-11
2015-03-26T12:52:38Z
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2015-03-26T12:52:38Z
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dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv BREMER, Ulisses Franz. Soils and geomorphology of the Eastern Warszawa Peninsula, King George Island, maritime Antarctica. 2008. 136 f. Tese (Doutorado em Fertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas; Gênese, Morfologia e Classificação, Mineralogia, Química,) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2008.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1593
identifier_str_mv BREMER, Ulisses Franz. Soils and geomorphology of the Eastern Warszawa Peninsula, King George Island, maritime Antarctica. 2008. 136 f. Tese (Doutorado em Fertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas; Gênese, Morfologia e Classificação, Mineralogia, Química,) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2008.
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dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv Fertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas; Gênese, Morfologia e Classificação, Mineralogia, Química,
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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