Reconhecimento de padrões sonoros por plantas: um estudo da resposta de Impatiens walleriana ao canto de Quesada gigas

• Autor(a) principal: Cypriano, Raphael Jonas
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3225
• topic: Coevolução inseto-planta; Bioacústica; Informação biofísica; Comunicação em plantas; Isolamento acústico; Insect-plant coevolution; Bioacoustics; Biophysics Information; Communication in plants; Acoustic insulation; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA

Sound is an environmental stimulus that can be detected by plants, affecting their behavior. However, we still do not understand what are the ecological implications of plant responses to the sound. This search aimed: (i) to evaluate a new methodological approach for studies involving sound effects in plants and (ii) to test whether sounds emitted by insects may be used by plants as accessory elements to detect environmental conditions and resources, stimulating physiological responses synchronized. Ten chambers with acoustic isolation were constructed to conduct three experiments in semi-controlled conditions in laboratory with plants of Impatiens walleriana, divided into sound treatments exposed to the sound for two hours daily and treatments without sound exposure. In the first experiment, seeds were exposed to the sound of cicadas for 16 days and patterns of germination and initial development were evaluated. In the second, plants were subjected to the sound of cicadas for ten days and the effects of sound in gas exchange were analyzed. And in the last experiment, plants were exposed to the mixed sound of cicadas with the sound pattern disorganized for ten days and the effects in gas exchange were also evaluated. Compared to the control no significant differences in the patterns of germination and initial development of seeds exposed to the sound of cicadas were observed. Significant increases in the Photosynthetic Rate in plants exposed to the sound of cicadas were observed, followed by a reduction in Inner carbon/Outer carbon Ratio (Ci / Ca). On the other hand, plants exposed to the mixed sound of cicadas demonstrated a significant reduction in Photosynthetic Rate without changes in Ci/Ca Ratio. The methodological approach was efficient to conduct experiments evaluating the effect of sounds in plants. The experimental results indicate that the influence of the sound of cicadas in I. walleriana depends on the stage of plant development. Furthermore, gas exchange data suggests that plants can recognize the sound of cicadas as environmental information, since this sound stimulated photosynthetic activity while the mixed sound of cicadas generated a reversed physiological response. The ability to perceive sounds can be evolutionarily fixed among plants and the perception of environmental sounds, the assimilation of acoustic message and the trigger of physiological responses may be complex with an ecological significance in terms of integration of plants with the environment.