Unidade amostral e fatores que afetam o ataque da broca do fruto do abacateiro

• Autor(a) principal: Lima, Diego Tolentino de
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2027
• topic: Stenoma catenifer; Amostragem; Flutuação; Stenoma catenifer; Sampling; Fluctuation; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA

The objective of this work was to determine the best unit for sampling the percentage of bored fruits by Stenoma catenifer and to study the influence of environmental factors, plant, natural enemies in the attack of this pest in avocado. The study was conducted in three avocado crops: 62, 73, 156 plants ha-1 from March 2012 to October 2013. During this period evaluated the number of holes in the fruit, percentage of bored fruits at east and west and the position in the plant canopy (apex, middle and base) and were monitored the climatic data, population fluctuation of damaged fruits by S. catenifer, productivity and losses by S. catenifer, arthropod fauna, nutrient content and fruit development. The most representative sites for sampling percentage of bored frits by S. catenifer are: the west and in the middle of the canopy region to lower planting densities, and in the east or west on the apex of the canopy region to higher planting densities. It was found there is seasonal production in avocado crop between consecutive harvests, and it is greater with increased planting density. The cultural control (plant density and intercropping with other fruit) reduces the damage of S. catenifer. Population peaks of S. catenifer are more frequent when there is an increase in temperature and previous periods of drought. Since the maximum, mean and minimum temperatures and solar radiation has positive relationship with population fluctuation of S. catenifer and the relative humidity has negative relationship. The nutrient content of nitrogen, calcium, magnesium and copper have a positive effect on the damage of S. catenifer. The spider Trochosa greedy and the other species of family Nesticidae has positive relationship with the damage of S. catenifer. Ants in general can have negative relationship with the number of damaged fruits by S. catenifer, especially Pachycondyla sp.1. Beetles have negative relationship with the number of damaged fruits by S. catenifer. Chemical control has influence in reducing the population of S. catenifer compared two seasons, one with lower and one with higher number of insecticide applications.