Influência da saturação por bases e do fósforo no crescimento e nutrição mineral de mudas de angico-branco e garapa

• Main Author: Gomes, Keli Cristina de Oliveira
• Publication Date: 2002
• Format: Master thesis
• Language: por
• Source: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Download full: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3193
• topic: Angico-branco; Grápia; Nutrição mineral; Crescimento; Calagem; Fósforo; Anandenanthera colubrina; Apuleia leiocarpa; Angico-branco; Grápia; Mineral nutrition; Growth; Liming; Phosphorus; Anandenanthera colubrina; Apuleia leiocarpa; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::CONSERVACAO DA NATUREZA

The Atlantic Forest, national property according to the Federal Constitution of 1988, is the most known and debated biome of Brazil. It has a huge legal structure of protection, in the federal, state and municipal levels. It already covered 1 million of km2 and nowadays it is reduced to 10% of its original area. Currently, the re-vegetation and/or recuperation programs have been trying to explore the potential of native species due to their ability of better adaptation to the climatic conditions, facilitating the re-establishment of equilibrium between fauna and flora. This study had aimed to evaluate the performance of the species garapa (Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) Macbride) and angico-branco (Anadenanthera colubrina (Vellozo) Brenan), natives of the woodland of Minas Gerais, under different conditions of phosphorus availability and variable levels of basis saturation. The treatments were represented by a factorial of 6 (P doses: 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg/dm3) by 5 (percentage of basis saturation: original, 40, 50, 60 and 70%) being designed in randomized blocks with five replications. The experimental plots were represented by vases of 2 Kg of capacity full of soil. Besides the treatments described above, each vase received a basic fertilization with N, K, S, micro nutrients, and three additional nitrogen fertilizations (35, 70 and 105 days after sowing). 120 and 170 days after sowing, it was measured the stalk height and diameter of all "garapa" and "angico-branco" plants, respectively, finishing the experiment. The plants were harvested, separated into shoot and root, dried in oven with forced air circulation at mean temperature of 70oC until the samples reached constant weight, weighted and minced, being later on chemically analyzed. The addition of corrective mix to substrate did not show significant response on the species studied. This absence of response can be related to the fact that the levels of Ca (0,9 cmolc/dm3) and Mg (0,4 cmolc/dm3) in the soil used, might be efficient to supply the needs of the plants in that phase. However, it was observed that "angico-branco" and "garapa" responded positively to P fertilization. P doses that leaded to 90% of the maximum dry matter production were 127 mg/dm3 (angico branco) and 191 mg/dm3 (garapa), on the basis saturation of 40%. The critical P level to "angico-branco" and "garapa" were 13,9 and 32,5 mg/dm3 on the soil and 0,14 and 0,15 dag/kg on the shoot, respectively.