Compósitos de hidroxiapatita e polihidroxibutirato em defeitos ósseos experimentais na ulna de coelhos

• Autor(a) principal: Reis, Emily Correna Carlo
• Data de Publicação: 2007
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4939
• topic: Hidroxiapatita; Polihidroxibutirato; Biomaterial; Regeneração óssea; Hydroxyapatite; Polyhydroxybutyrate; Biomaterials; Bone regeneration; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA::CLINICA E CIRURGIA ANIMAL

Biomaterials used today to treat bones' defects and fractures still bear some deficiencies to be corrected. This study is a preliminary analysis of composites' made of hydroxyapatite (HAP-91®) and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) essentials characteristics to be used in orthopedics. The composites were studied in osseous defects concerning their biocompatibility, osseointegration, osseoconduction, and biodegradation. Bone defects were made bilaterally in the olecranon of 30 white rabbits and each filled with a composite, with a total of 12 members per group. Limbs in the 1 group received composite # 1: 10% of HAP-91® and 90% of PHB; limbs in 2 group received composite # 2: 25% HAP- 91® and 75% PHB; and in 3 group the composite # 3: 50% of each biomaterial. Defects in the control group were not filled. Limbs were evaluated in the first eight days after surgery and again at 45 and 90 days afterwards for lameness, circumference, pain, dehiscence, and infection. Radiographs were taken 8, 45 and 90 days after surgeries when four animals in each group were euthanized and samples with defects taken for histology. Significant differences in circumference data were found for all groups before and one day after surgery, what did not happen with four and eight days. No significant differences were found between groups for circumference as well as for the other clinical parameters. Radiographs taken 8 days after surgery showed no bone- composite apposition, but those for the 45th and 90th days after showed that composites were in direct contact with bone. Histological observations indicated a normal repair process in the 8th day, i.e., a vascularized, dense connective tissue and new, early trabecular bone; this evolved to fully organized trabecular bone and the lateral cortical completely formed by the 90th-day. At the three observation dates, tissues in 1, 2, and 3 group samples were found similar to those in control, where more bone than soft tissues were found in the defect. Projections of connective and bone tissues were seen inside composites #2 and 3. No inflammatory cells in any place whatsoever were found at any observation date. Clearly more bone built up in 3 samples, and at its interface, than in the 1 and 2 groups samples. At the 45 and 90th days, in all three groups, osteoclasts were seen in the bone-composite interface, and also composite pieces, detached from the original block, were found within the bone structure and surrounding soft tissues. Conclusion is that the composites are biocompatible, osseoconductive, integrate to bone and can undergo in vivo degradation.