Dinâmica de inóculo de Alternaria solani, efeito da densidade de plantio na intensidade da pinta preta e requeima e previsão dessas doenças em tomateiro e batateira
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2006 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV |
Texto Completo: | http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1075 |
Resumo: | Several basic and applied epidemiological aspects, relative to early (Alternaria solani) and late (Phytophthora infestans) were studied to generate useful information for the management of these diseases in tomato and potato. The basic studies were conducted aiming to determine: dynamics of A. solani conidia in the air throughout the year; the survival of the pathogen associated with tomato crop debris (leaflets and stems) kept either buried or on soil surface; and the influence of planting spacing on the intensity of early blight on both hosts and of late blight on potato. Applied epidemiological studies involved the validation of forecast systems for tomato early (FAST, CUFAST, and TOMCAST) and potato late (BLITECAST, SIMCAST, NEGFRY, and Wallin) blight, and the development of a simple model, based only on precipitation, for the forecast of tomato early blight. Highest concentration of conidia in the air was detected during spring-summer and a peak (62 conidia/m3) was recorded in October. The number of conidia was negatively correlated with relative humidity (RH) and the number of hours with RH above 90%, and it was positively correlated with the number of hours with RH below 70% and temperature above 20oC. The viability of A. solani quickly declined when crop debris were buried. After 90 days, sporulation in buried leaflet debris was up to 10 times lower than in those kept at the soil surface. The maximum survival time was 242 and 272 days, in leaflets and stems kept on the surface, respectively. There was no difference regarding disease severity or area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) for early blight in tomato or potato plots planted at three different spacing, with or without chlorothalonil application. For late blight, the more spaced plots had the lowest AUDPC values. The ratio between average AUDPC values from unsprayed spaced and dense plots was 2.49 and 1.15, in Bintje and Monalisa , respectively. Performance of early and late blight forecast systems varied according to the season. For early blight, AUDPC values in spring-summer and summer-fall, in plots treated according CUFAST (64.0 and 359.2, respectively) and FAST (123.2 and 340.3, respectively) did not differ from the calendar (82.5 e 225.7, respectively), however the number of sprays was reduced with both systems. In both seasons, TOMCAST did not differ from the unsprayed control. The BLITECAST, SIMCAST, NEGFRY, and Wallin systems triggered fungicide sprays in experiments carried out during the summer, despite no late blight epidemics developed in the plots. In the fall, AUDPC values for BLITECAST (19.5), SIMCAST (97.7), NEGFRY (193.1), and Wallin (69.7) did not differ from the calendar (63.5). One fungicide spray was saved with Wallin and NEGFRY, but compared to the calendar, SIMCAST and BLITECAST recommended one and two sprays more, respectively. A simple model, based only on precipitation, was developed using logistic regression to assess the risk on early blight on tomato. The equation to estimate the probability (p) of an increase of two percentual points in early blight severity was: ln (p/(1-p))= -0.6208 -0.1373X1 + 0.5767X2 -0.0413X1X2 + 0.0042X2 1+ 0.0979X2 2, where X1 is total precipitation and X2 is the cumulative number of hours with precipitation during the last four days and u is a random effect assumed normally distributed with mean equal to zero and variance ó2= 8.90. This models still needs to be validated under field conditions, however, together with the other information generated in this study it will potentially contribute to improve disease management. |
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Batista, Diógenes da Cruzhttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4760395E6Maffia, Luiz Antôniohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783229P9Brommonschenkel, Sérgio Hermíniohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780948Y4Silva, Carlos Henrique Osóriohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4785396A6Teixeira, Hudsonhttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4791813Z1Reis, Ailtonhttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4799072Y52015-03-26T12:42:07Z2007-10-152015-03-26T12:42:07Z2006-03-31BATISTA, Diógenes da Cruz. Alternaria solani inoculum dynamics, effect of planting density in the intensity of early and late blight and systems of those diseases in tomato and potato. 2006. 120 f. Tese (Doutorado em Etiologia; Epidemiologia; Controle) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2006.http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1075Several basic and applied epidemiological aspects, relative to early (Alternaria solani) and late (Phytophthora infestans) were studied to generate useful information for the management of these diseases in tomato and potato. The basic studies were conducted aiming to determine: dynamics of A. solani conidia in the air throughout the year; the survival of the pathogen associated with tomato crop debris (leaflets and stems) kept either buried or on soil surface; and the influence of planting spacing on the intensity of early blight on both hosts and of late blight on potato. Applied epidemiological studies involved the validation of forecast systems for tomato early (FAST, CUFAST, and TOMCAST) and potato late (BLITECAST, SIMCAST, NEGFRY, and Wallin) blight, and the development of a simple model, based only on precipitation, for the forecast of tomato early blight. Highest concentration of conidia in the air was detected during spring-summer and a peak (62 conidia/m3) was recorded in October. The number of conidia was negatively correlated with relative humidity (RH) and the number of hours with RH above 90%, and it was positively correlated with the number of hours with RH below 70% and temperature above 20oC. The viability of A. solani quickly declined when crop debris were buried. After 90 days, sporulation in buried leaflet debris was up to 10 times lower than in those kept at the soil surface. The maximum survival time was 242 and 272 days, in leaflets and stems kept on the surface, respectively. There was no difference regarding disease severity or area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) for early blight in tomato or potato plots planted at three different spacing, with or without chlorothalonil application. For late blight, the more spaced plots had the lowest AUDPC values. The ratio between average AUDPC values from unsprayed spaced and dense plots was 2.49 and 1.15, in Bintje and Monalisa , respectively. Performance of early and late blight forecast systems varied according to the season. For early blight, AUDPC values in spring-summer and summer-fall, in plots treated according CUFAST (64.0 and 359.2, respectively) and FAST (123.2 and 340.3, respectively) did not differ from the calendar (82.5 e 225.7, respectively), however the number of sprays was reduced with both systems. In both seasons, TOMCAST did not differ from the unsprayed control. The BLITECAST, SIMCAST, NEGFRY, and Wallin systems triggered fungicide sprays in experiments carried out during the summer, despite no late blight epidemics developed in the plots. In the fall, AUDPC values for BLITECAST (19.5), SIMCAST (97.7), NEGFRY (193.1), and Wallin (69.7) did not differ from the calendar (63.5). One fungicide spray was saved with Wallin and NEGFRY, but compared to the calendar, SIMCAST and BLITECAST recommended one and two sprays more, respectively. A simple model, based only on precipitation, was developed using logistic regression to assess the risk on early blight on tomato. The equation to estimate the probability (p) of an increase of two percentual points in early blight severity was: ln (p/(1-p))= -0.6208 -0.1373X1 + 0.5767X2 -0.0413X1X2 + 0.0042X2 1+ 0.0979X2 2, where X1 is total precipitation and X2 is the cumulative number of hours with precipitation during the last four days and u is a random effect assumed normally distributed with mean equal to zero and variance ó2= 8.90. This models still needs to be validated under field conditions, however, together with the other information generated in this study it will potentially contribute to improve disease management.Diferentes aspectos epidemiológicos, básicos e aplicados, relativos à pinta preta (Alternaria solani) (PP) e à requeima (Phytophthora infestans) (RQ), foram estudados com o objetivo de gerar informações necessárias ao manejo dessas doenças foliares do tomateiro e batateira. Os estudos básicos foram realizados com o propósito de determinar: a dinâmica de conídios de A. solani ao longo do ano; a sobrevivência do patógeno em restos de folíolos e hastes de tomateiro enterrados ou mantidos sobre a superfície do solo; e a influência da densidade de plantio na intensidade de PP em batateira e tomateiro e RQ em batateira. Foram também geradas informações epidemiológicas aplicadas, com: a validação de sistemas de previsão para PP do tomateiro (FAST, CUFAST e TOMCAST) e para RQ da batateira (BLITECAST, SIMCAST, NEGFRY, Wallin) na região de Viçosa, e o desenvolvimento de um modelo de previsão simples para a PP do tomateiro baseado em precipitação pluviométrica. Maior concentração de conídios foi detectada na primavera- verão e o maior pico (62 conídios/m3) foi verificado em outubro. A quantidade de conídios capturados foi negativamente correlacionada a umidade relativa (UR) e números de horas de UR acima que 90%, e foi positivamente correlacionada ao número de horas de UR abaixo de 70% e temperatura acima de 20oC. A viabilidade de A. solani declinou rapidamente quando restos de folíolos ou de hastes de tomateiros foram enterrados. A esporulação em restos de folíolos enterrados durante 90 dias foi até 10 vezes menor que naqueles mantidos na superfície. O tempo máximo de sobrevivência foi de 242 e 272 dias em folíolos e hastes na superfície, respectivamente. Não houve diferença quanto à severidade ou à área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD) da PP em parcelas de tomateiro ou batateira plantadas em três diferentes espaçamentos, com ou sem aplicação de clorotalonil. Para a RQ da batateira, a baixa densidade de plantio reduziu a AACPD. A razão entre os valores de AACPD obtidas em parcelas densas e espaçadas, não pulverizadas, foi 2,49 e 1,15 nas cvs. Bintje e Monalisa, respectivamente. O desempenho dos sistemas de previsão para a PP e RQ variou conforme a época do ano. Para a PP, os valores de AACPD, na primavera-verão e verão-outono, nos tratamentos CUFAST (64,0 e 359,2, respectivamente) e FAST (123,2 e 340,3, respectivamente) não diferiram daqueles do sistema calendário (82,5 e 225,7, respectivamente), porém houve redução de pulverizações com os sistemas. Em ambas as épocas, TOMCAST não diferiu da testemunha não- pulverizada. Os sistemas BLITECAST, SIMCAST, NEGFRY e Wallin recomendaram pulverizações em experimentos conduzidos no verão, apesar de não constatação de epidemia de RQ. No outono, os valores de AACPD dos modelos BLITECAST (19,5), SIMCAST (97,7), NEGFRY (193,1) e Wallin (69,7) não diferiram dos valores do calendário (63,5). Porém, houve economia de uma pulverização para os modelos Wallin e NEGFRY e aumento de uma e duas com os sistemas SIMCAST e BLITECAST, respectivamente. Desenvolveu-se um modelo por regressão logística, para a análise de risco de PP em tomateiro em função apenas de precipitação. O modelo final gerado para estimar a probabilidade (p) de aumentar a severidade da PP em dois pontos percentuais foi: ln (p/(1-p)) = -0,6208 -0,1373X1 + 0,5767X2 -0,0413X1X2 + 0,0042X2 1+ 0,0979X2 2 + u, onde X1 é a precipitação total, e X2 número acumulado de horas com precipitação, durante 4 dias e u é um efeito aleatório assumido ser normal com média igual a zero e variância ó2= 8,90. Este modelo ainda necessita ser validado em condições de campo, porém, juntamente com as demais informações geradas, poderá contribuir para melhorar o maneja da doença.Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Geraisapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de ViçosaDoutorado em FitopatologiaUFVBREtiologia; Epidemiologia; ControleEpidemiologiaManejoControleEpidemiologyManagementControlCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE::FITOPATOLOGIADinâmica de inóculo de Alternaria solani, efeito da densidade de plantio na intensidade da pinta preta e requeima e previsão dessas doenças em tomateiro e batateiraAlternaria solani inoculum dynamics, effect of planting density in the intensity of early and late blight and systems of those diseases in tomato and potatoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFVinstname:Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)instacron:UFVORIGINALtexto completo.pdfapplication/pdf685132https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/1075/1/texto%20completo.pdf7f2f442fb12039763fafbd5aca3d0e58MD51TEXTtexto completo.pdf.txttexto completo.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain246936https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/1075/2/texto%20completo.pdf.txt308b5c63449d27f02e509a723e4d97d3MD52THUMBNAILtexto completo.pdf.jpgtexto completo.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg3739https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/1075/3/texto%20completo.pdf.jpg471e809f57c460e161fe8b9d2a89f52aMD53123456789/10752016-04-06 23:18:00.553oai:locus.ufv.br:123456789/1075Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.locus.ufv.br/oai/requestfabiojreis@ufv.bropendoar:21452016-04-07T02:18LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Dinâmica de inóculo de Alternaria solani, efeito da densidade de plantio na intensidade da pinta preta e requeima e previsão dessas doenças em tomateiro e batateira |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Alternaria solani inoculum dynamics, effect of planting density in the intensity of early and late blight and systems of those diseases in tomato and potato |
title |
Dinâmica de inóculo de Alternaria solani, efeito da densidade de plantio na intensidade da pinta preta e requeima e previsão dessas doenças em tomateiro e batateira |
spellingShingle |
Dinâmica de inóculo de Alternaria solani, efeito da densidade de plantio na intensidade da pinta preta e requeima e previsão dessas doenças em tomateiro e batateira Batista, Diógenes da Cruz Epidemiologia Manejo Controle Epidemiology Management Control CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE::FITOPATOLOGIA |
title_short |
Dinâmica de inóculo de Alternaria solani, efeito da densidade de plantio na intensidade da pinta preta e requeima e previsão dessas doenças em tomateiro e batateira |
title_full |
Dinâmica de inóculo de Alternaria solani, efeito da densidade de plantio na intensidade da pinta preta e requeima e previsão dessas doenças em tomateiro e batateira |
title_fullStr |
Dinâmica de inóculo de Alternaria solani, efeito da densidade de plantio na intensidade da pinta preta e requeima e previsão dessas doenças em tomateiro e batateira |
title_full_unstemmed |
Dinâmica de inóculo de Alternaria solani, efeito da densidade de plantio na intensidade da pinta preta e requeima e previsão dessas doenças em tomateiro e batateira |
title_sort |
Dinâmica de inóculo de Alternaria solani, efeito da densidade de plantio na intensidade da pinta preta e requeima e previsão dessas doenças em tomateiro e batateira |
author |
Batista, Diógenes da Cruz |
author_facet |
Batista, Diógenes da Cruz |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4760395E6 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Batista, Diógenes da Cruz |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Maffia, Luiz Antônio |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783229P9 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Brommonschenkel, Sérgio Hermínio |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780948Y4 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Carlos Henrique Osório |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4785396A6 |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Teixeira, Hudson |
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4791813Z1 |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Reis, Ailton |
dc.contributor.referee4Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4799072Y5 |
contributor_str_mv |
Maffia, Luiz Antônio Brommonschenkel, Sérgio Hermínio Silva, Carlos Henrique Osório Teixeira, Hudson Reis, Ailton |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Epidemiologia Manejo Controle |
topic |
Epidemiologia Manejo Controle Epidemiology Management Control CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE::FITOPATOLOGIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Epidemiology Management Control |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE::FITOPATOLOGIA |
description |
Several basic and applied epidemiological aspects, relative to early (Alternaria solani) and late (Phytophthora infestans) were studied to generate useful information for the management of these diseases in tomato and potato. The basic studies were conducted aiming to determine: dynamics of A. solani conidia in the air throughout the year; the survival of the pathogen associated with tomato crop debris (leaflets and stems) kept either buried or on soil surface; and the influence of planting spacing on the intensity of early blight on both hosts and of late blight on potato. Applied epidemiological studies involved the validation of forecast systems for tomato early (FAST, CUFAST, and TOMCAST) and potato late (BLITECAST, SIMCAST, NEGFRY, and Wallin) blight, and the development of a simple model, based only on precipitation, for the forecast of tomato early blight. Highest concentration of conidia in the air was detected during spring-summer and a peak (62 conidia/m3) was recorded in October. The number of conidia was negatively correlated with relative humidity (RH) and the number of hours with RH above 90%, and it was positively correlated with the number of hours with RH below 70% and temperature above 20oC. The viability of A. solani quickly declined when crop debris were buried. After 90 days, sporulation in buried leaflet debris was up to 10 times lower than in those kept at the soil surface. The maximum survival time was 242 and 272 days, in leaflets and stems kept on the surface, respectively. There was no difference regarding disease severity or area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) for early blight in tomato or potato plots planted at three different spacing, with or without chlorothalonil application. For late blight, the more spaced plots had the lowest AUDPC values. The ratio between average AUDPC values from unsprayed spaced and dense plots was 2.49 and 1.15, in Bintje and Monalisa , respectively. Performance of early and late blight forecast systems varied according to the season. For early blight, AUDPC values in spring-summer and summer-fall, in plots treated according CUFAST (64.0 and 359.2, respectively) and FAST (123.2 and 340.3, respectively) did not differ from the calendar (82.5 e 225.7, respectively), however the number of sprays was reduced with both systems. In both seasons, TOMCAST did not differ from the unsprayed control. The BLITECAST, SIMCAST, NEGFRY, and Wallin systems triggered fungicide sprays in experiments carried out during the summer, despite no late blight epidemics developed in the plots. In the fall, AUDPC values for BLITECAST (19.5), SIMCAST (97.7), NEGFRY (193.1), and Wallin (69.7) did not differ from the calendar (63.5). One fungicide spray was saved with Wallin and NEGFRY, but compared to the calendar, SIMCAST and BLITECAST recommended one and two sprays more, respectively. A simple model, based only on precipitation, was developed using logistic regression to assess the risk on early blight on tomato. The equation to estimate the probability (p) of an increase of two percentual points in early blight severity was: ln (p/(1-p))= -0.6208 -0.1373X1 + 0.5767X2 -0.0413X1X2 + 0.0042X2 1+ 0.0979X2 2, where X1 is total precipitation and X2 is the cumulative number of hours with precipitation during the last four days and u is a random effect assumed normally distributed with mean equal to zero and variance ó2= 8.90. This models still needs to be validated under field conditions, however, together with the other information generated in this study it will potentially contribute to improve disease management. |
publishDate |
2006 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2006-03-31 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2007-10-15 2015-03-26T12:42:07Z |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2015-03-26T12:42:07Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
BATISTA, Diógenes da Cruz. Alternaria solani inoculum dynamics, effect of planting density in the intensity of early and late blight and systems of those diseases in tomato and potato. 2006. 120 f. Tese (Doutorado em Etiologia; Epidemiologia; Controle) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2006. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1075 |
identifier_str_mv |
BATISTA, Diógenes da Cruz. Alternaria solani inoculum dynamics, effect of planting density in the intensity of early and late blight and systems of those diseases in tomato and potato. 2006. 120 f. Tese (Doutorado em Etiologia; Epidemiologia; Controle) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2006. |
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http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1075 |
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por |
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por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
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openAccess |
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Viçosa |
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Doutorado em Fitopatologia |
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UFV |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
BR |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Etiologia; Epidemiologia; Controle |
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa |
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