Caracterização morfológica e produtiva de nove variedades de mandioca cultivadas no Sudoeste da Bahia

• Autor(a) principal: Ramos, Paula Acácia Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2007
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4647
• topic: Mandioca; Produção; Morfologia; Amido; Manihot esculenta; Cassava; Production; Morphology; Starch; Manihot esculenta; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has tuber roots rich in starch, in Brazil has an important role on the diet due to its high energetic value. The morphological characterization and yield of the species allow identifying varieties in order to guide researches and farmers on the potential of each variety and to help them to choose the adequate material. Among the possible ways to increase the yield, it is the introduction of varieties from other regions. This work had the goals to evaluate the morphological characteristics and yield of two local varieties of cassava and seven introduced materials from the Germoplasma Bank from EMBRAPA, for future selection of those genotypes adapted to the environmental conditions from the Planalto de Conquista, BA. It was set up two experiments in the counties of Vitória da Conquista and Cândido Sales. The experimental design was random block with nine treatments (Sergipe, Platinão, Malacacheta, Pacaré, Salangó, Pretinha, Salangosinha, Vassoura and Priquitona) in three replicates. The morphological characteristics evaluated were based in the minimal descriptors, principal, secondary and agronomic preliminary descriptors. The results fro the variance analysis showed significant differences (P < 0.05) for the interaction local and variety for the total root fresh weight per plant, yield of commercial roots, production of starch and yield of flour. Next, it was compared the analyzed characteristics for each variety within the each specific local. Among the evaluated characteristics, the most contributing characteristics to separate the varieties were petiole color, color of the cortex and external stem color, external roots color, color of the cortex and pulp root color, color of mature leaves, presence of leaf scarf, plant growth habit and type of plant. The varieties had similar behavior regarding production of roots per plant, total yield, production of starch and yield of flour, when evaluated in the counties of Vitória da Conquista and Cândido Sales. The variety Pretinha had the best yield of flour. The varieties Sergipe and Vassoura had higher total weight per plant and larger commercial roots production per plant, respectively. The harvest index for the roots for all varieties was within the ideal range of 50% to 65%. The dry matter of the roots was elevated in the varieties Sergipe and Pretinha for the counties of Vitória da Conquista and Cândido Sales.