Efeito de doses de potássio sobre índices de avaliação do estado de nitrogênio e produtividade de batata-semente básica em substrato orgânico e hidroponia

• Autor(a) principal: Tufik, Camila Borges Antonio
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4607
• topic: Batata-semente; Potássio; Estado de nitrogênio; Substrato orgânico; Hidroponia; Seed-potato; Potassium; State of nitrogen; Organic substrate; Hydroponics; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA

The purpose of this study was to characterize the effect of potassium doses (K) on diagnosis indices of the nitrogen state (N) of potato plants in two production systems: pots containing organic substrate and hydroponic system of three phases. Furthermore, this study aimed to determine the critical content of K in the dry matter of the reference leaf (fourth leaf) and quantify the optimal dose of K for the production of minitubercles of the basic seed in both production systems. The systems consisted of planting minitubercles from Ágata cultivar, basic category G0 and type VI in pots containing 3 dm3 of organic substrate BioPlant® Silver serie and minitubercle planting in pots with a capacity of 8.5 L containing washed sand over a layer of 5-7 cm of expanded clay, in hydroponic system. Each system was an experiment. The treatments in pot containing organic substrate consisted of 5 doses of KCl (0; 660; 1320; 1980 and 2640 mg dm-3) and in the hydroponic system the treatments were 5 doses of K (0; 2.5; 5.0; 7.5 and 10.0 mmol L-1). In the system where the organic substrate was used, 20% of N and K doses were applied in the pre-planting and the remaining 80% were divided in 15 equal parts and applied daily, by way of irrigation water from the emergency of plants. In the hydroponic system, the nutrient solution containing the treatments and other nutrients were provided daily since the emergence of plants and the sources utilized were KCl and KNO3. Both experiments were installed in a greenhouse. In the experiment in organic substrate, the determinations made in the fourth leaf at 21 days after the emergence (DAE), the dose of K influenced the nitrogen balance index (NBI), number of leaflets (NL), leaf area (LA), masses of fresh matter (FW) and dry matter (DM). In the experiment in hydroponic system, the indices in the fourth leaf influenced by dose of K were: SPAD, chlorophyll (CHL), NBI, NL, length (L), width (W), fresh mass (FW) and dry matter (DM) and N-NO3 content in petiole sap. In both experiments, at the determination performed in the fourth leaf at 21 DAE, the dose of K did not influence the N content in the dry matter. On this date, the optimal K content in the dry matter of the fourth leaf was 6.62 and 6.17 dag kg-1 for systems in pots with organic and hydroponic substrate, respectively. In both experiments, there was a dose effect of K on the number and mass of the matter of fresh tubercles. In the experiment in pot containing organic substrate, the maximum value of tubercles number was 15.95 and the mass of fresh tubercles per plant was 301.9 g, obtained with the dose 0 mg dm-3 KCl. In the hydroponic systems, the maximum yield per plant was 48.41 tubercles obtained with 6.15 mmol L-1 of K and maximum mass of fresh matter was 646.6 g/plant, obtained with 6.13 mmol L-1 of K.