Avaliação dos fatores de risco para o câncer de mama e dosagem de frações livres de DNA em mulheres atendidas na Maternidade Odete Valadares, em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais

• Autor(a) principal: Sediyama, Catarina Maria Nogueira de Oliveira
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2760
• topic: GAPDH; β; actina; Câncer de mama; Frações livres de DNA; Fatores de risco; GAPDH; Actin β; Breast cancer; Cell free DNA; Risk Factors; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO

Breast cancer (BC) today is one of the most prevalent diseases among women, mainly between 40 and 60 years, with a mortality rate inversely proportional to early diagnosis. Among the known risk factors are those related to the woman's reproductive life, such as nulliparity, use of hormone replacement therapy, early age at menarche and late menopause, and other family history of breast cancer and obesity. Methods of early diagnosis is desired, and the discovery of free fraction of DNA in the blood of patients with various pathologies such as cancer, led the search for possible use dosage levels of cell free DNA fractions (CFDNA) as a diagnostic method. The aim of this study was to study the association between levels of free fraction of plasma DNA and the presence of breast cancer and the association between exposure to risk factors for BC and BC diagnosis in women attending the Odete Valadares Maternity s mastology service, in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. We selected 456 women, 261 breast cancer patients (BCG) 195 controls with absence malignancy or benign breast disease (CG). We evaluated the exposure to risk factors for BC in the population, through questionnaires and interviews obtained by anthropometric measurements. We selected 30 women of the BCG, 20 women in the CG for dosing CFDNA plasma by real-time PCR using the genes encoding the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and β-actin. It was found higher levels of CFDNA in patients with BC using the β-actin, compared with controls, whereas GAPDH was unable to positively identify the patients with cancer. The results suggest that the presence of free fraction of plasma DNA correlates with the diagnosis of breast cancer in women, but the methodology still needs improvement. The variables physical inactivity, menopause, nulliparity, lack of breastfeeding and family history of breast cancer had positive association with breast cancer, and at this studied population alcohol had a protective effect against BC. We suggest the development of studies on the standardization of the method for extraction and measurement of CFDNA order to improve the use of this method for the diagnosis or prognosis.