Comunidade de fitonematoides e diversidade de longidorídeos em diferentes habitats no estado de Minas Gerais

• Autor(a) principal: Jesus, Dalila Sêni de
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4392
• topic: Xiphinema sp.; Xiphidorus sp.; Biogeografia; Diversidade; Xiphinema sp; Xiphidorus sp.; Biogeography; Diversity; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE::FITOPATOLOGIA

Biodiversity is one of the most valuable resources in the earth and in order to its maintenance and best use, there is a need of its profound knowledge on the basis of taxonomic and ecological works. The studies of the nematodes communities in soils under cultivation or native vegetation is becoming an area of growing interest in recent years. In relation to communities of nematodes in natural ecosystems, the studies are justified by the great representative of the Nematoda phylum and by the need to understand the nematodes' ecology in their original setting, since the agricultural important species, that have adapted in the cultivated areas, originated from natural ecosystems. The aim was to identify longidorid species associated with natural vegetation in Atlantic Forest, Savannah and in growing areas in Minas Gerais. Complementarily intended determine and compare the richness and diversity of phytonematodes communities in these areas. Seven species of Xiphinema (X. brasiliense, X. diffusum, X. elongatum, X. ensiculiferum, X. krugi, X. variegatum,and X. surinamense) and two species of Xiphidorus (X. cf. parthenus and X. amazonensis) were found, and beyond two new species to science, Xiphinema sp. and Xiphidorus sp., not yet identified. Populations of X. krugi, X. elongatum, X. ensiculiferum and Xiphidorus cf. parthenus showed great morphometric variability. Because of the great morphometric and morphological variabilities reported in the literature, the morphometric data of X. krugi populations were subjected to principal component analysis with standards population available in the literature. This analysis indicated that variations in morphometric characters may reflect differences in these genotypes, whereas they were grouped with three of these standards. Three populations appear to represent a new genotype not yet characterized. The phytonematodes communities associated with cover crops from Savannah and Atlantic Forest showed greater diversity and richness. The highest abundance and richness were present in Atlantic Forest communities and the greater diversity in the communities associated with Savannah. The genera with significant populations were Discocriconemella spp. Macroposthonia spp. Meloidogyne spp. and Rotylenchus spp. in Atlantic Forest, Rotylenchulus spp. and Rotylenchus spp. in Savannah, and Helicotylenchus spp. Meloidogyne spp. and Rotylenchulus spp. in growing areas.