Efeito da cloração orgânica na uniformidade de distribuição de água em sistema de irrigação por gotejamento utilizando água ferruginosa

• Autor(a) principal: Martins, Cristiani Campos
• Data de Publicação: 2007
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3669
• topic: Irrigação por gotejamento; Emissores; Ferro; Cloro; Drip irrigation; Emitters; Iron; Chlorine; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA::ENGENHARIA DE AGUA E SOLO::IRRIGACAO E DRENAGEM

With the increase of the irrigated area micro irrigation in Brazil, problems of loss of equipment performances came out, in regions with superficial waters with high total iron concentration, as the north of the State of Espírito Santo. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the performance of drip irrigation systems working with water high total iron content, to verify the efficiency of the chemical treatment with dicloroisocianurato of sodium (65%) in the clogging prevention and to identify the ironbacteria that causes the emitters clogging. This experiment was carried through at Escola Agrotécnica Federal de Santa Teresa, Espirito Santo. To evaluate the effect of the organic chlorination in the water distribution uniformity and the discharge of three models of tubedrippers (M1; M2 and M3), four levels chlorination was tested: level N1 (without chlorine application), level N2 (15 mg L-1 of free chlorine), level N3 (30 mg L-1 of free chlorine) and level N4 (45 mg L-1 of free chlorine). The evaluations were performed in the beginning of experiment and every 100 hours of operation, totalizing 8 evaluations. The product was applied by one hour, after each evaluation. At the end of the experiment, samples of the tubedrippers had been removed to identify the presence of causing ironbacteria of clogging. After 700 hours of operation, in the subunit with no dicloro treatment (level - N1); the values of CUC, CUD, US and the discharge for the tubedripper M1, reduced of 23; 30,2; 28,35 and 26,13%, respectively; for the model M2 the reductions the reductions were: 12,3; 19,5; 16,25 and 27.4%, respectively; and for the model - M3 the reductions in the values of CUC, CUD and US were 8,2; 15,17; 12,5%, respectively, however, differently from the other models, the discharge increased 1%. The CVq in the N1 level, it had an increase in the variation for the three tubedrippers. The distinct chloride treatments (N2, N3 and N4) were efficients to prevent clogging. The discharge for the tubedrippers M1 and M3 were more constant in the different evaluations. The three models of tubogotejadores presented lower discharge variations in the subunits treated with organic chlorine. The bacterias of the gender Gallionella and Leptpthrix were found in tubedrippers, presenting 1 the 10 filaments for cell in all the samples analysed.