Arrefecimento térmico de cobertura de aviários por aspersão, com vista ao uso de água de chuva, no Centro-Oeste brasileiro

• Autor(a) principal: Machado, Neiton Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2007
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3693
• topic: Avicultura; Aspersão; Poultry housing; Aspersion; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA::CONSTRUCOES RURAIS E AMBIENCIA

In the animal production field it is really visible and significant the poultry industry progress, where the broiler chicken is one of the animals with the best efficiency in its development speed. One of the worse problems in the accommodation of these broiler chickens is the high environmental temperature inside of these facilities, caused by the architectural characteristics and the material used to build these accommodations. These problems associated with the physical and physiological characteristics of birds limit the highest productivity provided by the genetic of these animals. Using the pluvial water, which would be wasted, through the store and aspersion of this water on the covering, it is one interesting alternative to the sustainable development of the poultry sector, once it promotes the thermal cooling of the facilities, contributing to reach better results in the productive development of these animals. In this way, the objective of the present work is to evaluate one conventional cooling system upon the covering and project a sustainable thermal cooling system using the water on the zinc steel covering in some commercial broiler production housing in the Brazilian centro-oeste . Some variables were considered during the evaluation, such as: thermal comfort index; thermal charge radiating (TCR); roof surface temperature; bed surface temperature; operation duration and power consumption of the thermal cooling systems of the facilities, with and without the aspersion on the covering; water consumption through the aspersion system, animal performance index. The research was made in six commercial farms integrated of the Perdigão Company, in the region of Rio Verde, Goiás, during the final breeding phase (21 to 42 days) in the period of January of 2007. The six facilities were equipped with the same negative tunnel ventilation and fogging system, but in three of them was settled an additional cooling system with water aspersion on the covering. We used a completely randomized design with two treatments and three repetitions. The statistical analysis of the data of the animal performance was made using the software SAS® (STATISTICAL ANALYSIS SYSTEM). The thermal environment was evaluated using the data of the characteristic days with the lower and higher temperatures of the external air in the beginning phase (21 to 31 days of life) and in the final phase (32 to 42 days), using the aspersion on the covering. To search the characteristic days were made daily analysis of the climatic data of the internal and external environment of the facilities. The duration of the aspersion system working, as well as the ventilation and fogging system of the aviaries, were searched using the internal temperature data of the aviaries for each treatment. The potential use of the aspersion on the covering using the pluvial water was considered according to the climatological rules of the Agricultural Ministry available in the National Meteorological Institute (1961 to 1991). The water aspersion on the covering provided the following results: a) reduction of until 27°C in the roof surface temperature; b) temperature reduction to 0.25 m under the roof for until 10°C for both characteristic days with the lower and higher temperatures of the external air; c) temperature reduction in the level of the birds until 3°C in the characteristic day with the higher temperature of the external air in the beginning phase using the aspersion on the covering, d) increase of until 6% in the relative humidity in the level of the birds in the characteristic day of the lower temperature of the external air in the final phase using the aspersion on the covering; e) maintenance BGHT between 77 and 86, respectively to the characteristic days of lower and higher temperature of the external air , both in the beginning and final phases using the aspersion on the covering; f) TCR maintenance inferior to 500 W.m-2 for both characteristic days as much as in the beginning and final phases using the aspersion on the covering; g) time working reduction of the second extractor group of 4.8%, in the third group of 7.5% and 9.6% in the fogging system; h) approximated water consumption of 5,865 L.h-1; i) 2.03 % of mortality reduction; j) 6.09 % increase of the feed conversion; k) increase of 0.109 kg.animal-1 of the body weight during the slaughter; l) increase of 48.3 in the productive efficiency index; m) it doesn t have any significant difference among the treatments in the bed surface temperature.