Toxicidade de bioprotetores da cafeicultura orgânica sobre o ácaro-vermelho do cafeeiro Oligonychus ilicis e o ácaro predador Iphiseiodes zuluagai

• Autor(a) principal: Tuelher, Edmar de Souza
• Data de Publicação: 2006
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3861
• topic: Caldas fertiprotetoras; Herbívoros; Ácaros predadores; Oligonychus ilicis; Iphiseiodes zuluagai; Bioprotectors; Herbivores; Predatory mites; Oligonychus ilicis; Iphiseiodes zuluagai; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE

The organic coffee production system needs techniques for handling herbivore populations and that cause low negative effects on the natural enemies. The use of alternative bioprotectors like enriched biofertilizer and phytoprotectors mixtures to replace pesticides in an herbivore management program has been frequent in organic system of coffee production. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three alternative bioprotectors, the biofertilizer Supermagro, lime sulphur and Viçosa mixture (Viça Café Plus®) on the southern red mite Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) and on its predatory mite Iphiseiodes zuluagai (Denmark & Muma) (Acari: Phytoseiidae). It was studied the toxicity and the sublethal effects of the bioprotectors on the instantaneous growth rate (ri) of these mites. The bioprotectors showed larger acute toxicity to O. ilicis than to I. zuluagai. Only lime sulphur had estimated lethal concentration (CL95) with possibility to use in the field to control O. ilicis. The three alternative bioprotectors decreased ri for both species, but I. zuluagai was more affected than O. ilicis. The effectiveness of the alternative bioprotectors was verified for control of O. ilicis in a greenhouse experiment with two concentrations of each product. Lime sulphur treatment (0.104% of calcium polysulfide) and Viça Café Plus® (2%) had higher and lower effectiveness, respectively, while the other treatments had intermediate effectiveness. Therefore, lime sulphur would be suitable to control the southern red mite O. ilicis. The biofertilizer Supermagro and Viçosa mixture (Viça Café Plus®) could be used to supply mineral nutrition of plants. The use of lime sulphur to control O. ilicis must be in a criteriously manner because higher concentrations would be harmful to the predatory mite I. zuluagai. Environmental and biological factors could influence the behavior of herbivores and natural enemies under the use of alternative bioprotectors and could also affect their effectiveness to keep biological control on organic coffee agroecosystem. So, supplementary trials should be done aiming to confirm these results in field conditions.