Avaliação de desempenho de lagoas de estabilização no tratamento de dejetos de suínos: aspectos microbiológicos

• Autor(a) principal: Alves, Renato Vieira
• Data de Publicação: 2004
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4992
• topic: Águas residuais; Purificação; Tratamento biológico; Dejeto líquido suíno; Lagoas de estabilização; Swine wastewater; Purification; Treatment; Stabilization ponds; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA::MEDICINA VETERINARIA PREVENTIVA::SANEAMENTO APLICADO A SAUDE DO HOMEM

The development of the hog production in Brazil evidenced the problem of the treatment and destination of the swine manure, subject that until the 70 s it was not reason concern for. However, besides environmental consequences, the absence or treatment inadequacy can bring damages for the health, human or animal. Two different systems of stabilization ponds for swine wastewater treatment were monitored for, approximately, one year. One of them composed for three anaerobic ponds and one facultative pond (Farm A) and the other for an anaerobic reactor and a series of polishing ponds (Farm B). Pathogenics (Salmonella spp. and porcine parvovirus) and indicators (total coliforms, Escherichia coli, enterococci and Streptococcus spp) microrganisms were researched in the not treated effluent and in the effluent of each unit. Other six farms also had the feces of the herd evaluated, for the same parameters, in three samples of each property. Salmonella spp. was found in 40% of the samples (14/35), and, in the Farm B ponds system, it was identified until the effluent of the second anaerobic pond. 45% (9/20) of the samples were positive for parvovirus. Statistically significant differences were not observed between the coliforms and streptococci concentrations in the samples of not treated effluent, the same was found in the samples of swine feces. In both monitored systems, the removal efficiency was below the expected. For the system of Farm A, the efficiency was close to 99,9% (3log10) with a hidraulic detention time of 52,6 days. For the other system, the efficiency was among 90-99% (1-2 log10) with a hydraulic detention time of 122,5 days. In contrast to the performance of the systems as a whole, the anaerobic ponds revealed good efficiency of bacterial removal. However, in the event of the optional ponds - of polishing - the results indicate that should have better conception of the system so that these indeed accomplish the expected performance in the bacterial removal. Regression studies among the volumetric loading rates of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demands (COD) and volatile solids and the removal efficiency of the four indicative organisms was accomplished, revealing, generally, excellent association among the variables.