Biologia de Oncideres ulcerosa (Germar, 1824) em Ficus benjamina L. (Moraceae) e caracterização molecular de O. ocularis, O. saga e O. ulcerosa (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

• Autor(a) principal: Cordeiro, Gláucia
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/928
• topic: Cerambycidae; Serrador (Inseto); Morfologia; RAPD; Cerambycidae; Sawyer (Insect); Morphology; RAPD; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE::ENTOMOLOGIA AGRICOLA

Among the members of the subfamily Lamiinae are the twig girdlers that girdle branches and stems of trees. The larval stage is the longest in the life cycle of twig girdlers. In Minas Gerais State the species Oncideres saga (Dalman, 1823), Oncideres ocularis Thomson, 1868 and Oncideres ulcerosa (Germar, 1824) are commonly found. Few researches are conducted with O. ulcerosa. Another lack in the knowledge of twig girdlers is their identification based on immatures. The objectives of this study were to expand the information on the development, morphology and ethology of O. ulcerosa in weeping fig (Moraceae: Ficus benjamina L.) (Chapter 1); and to test RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) in the identification of species of genus Oncideres (Chapter 2). The study on O. ulcerosa under field conditions was developed in Cachoeira do Brumado, district of Mariana, Minas Gerais State and laboratory studies at Casa dos Cupins, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais State. Adults of O. ulcerosa and girdled branches of weeping fig were used. For molecular characterization of twig girdlers we used tissue of adults legs and of larvae abdomens for the extraction of total DNA. Two primers (OPA-05 and OPB-13) were used in RAPD analysis. Most of O. ulcerosa egg incisions (83.3%) was capped by a substance. The eggs were elongated and flattened with cross linked structure of the chorion. The incubation period was 7.8 ± 0.4 days and egg viability was 45.7%. The hypothesis of six or seven instars showed better K value according to Dyar's rule. Larvae girdled inside the branches. The female pupae had length, width and distance between antennas of 22.63 ± 0.62 mm; 5.53 ± 0.26 and 2.16 ± 0.07 mm, respectively. The male pupae had length, width and distance between antennas of 20.64 ± 0.85 mm, 4.68 ± 0.16 mm and 1.18 ± 0.06 mm, respectively. The body length of pupae did not show significant difference between sexes. The pupal viability was 73%. The total length of the antenna, the distance between antennas, the width of the third and length of the last antennomere were the best character for sexing adults. The outbreak of adults in 2012, began in February and went until May. But in 2013, was from January to early June. Oncideres ulcerosa also occurred in Viçosa, Teixeiras, Ponte Nova and Acaiaca, Minas Gerais State. Females, males and couples lived 63 ± 7.28; 71 ± 7.30 and 58 ± 5.19 days, respectively. The upper section of girdled branches was the most used parts for food. But the bottom section had the highest percentage of eggs (54.9%). One girdling of O. ulcerosa caused an average loss of 512 ± 57.8 leaves per branch. The dimensions of girdled branches, the use of these branches by twig girdlers, and associated Cerambycidae and natural enemies did not influence the behavior of O. ulcerosa in performing the partial or complete girdling. Oncideres ulcerosa presented sedentary habit. It was observed in the girdled branches the presence of other Cerambycidae and natural enemies. The results obtained by analyzing the RAPD markers were useful for the identification of O. ocularis, O. saga and O. ulcerosa, using their larvae and adults.