Agricultura urbana na cidade de Rio Branco, Acre: caracterização, espacialização e subsídios ao planejamento urbano

• Autor(a) principal: Carmo, Lúcio Flávio Zancanela do
• Data de Publicação: 2006
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5545
• topic: Solos urbanos; Agricultura urbana; Solos da Amazônia; Urban soils; Urban agriculture; Soils of the Amazônia; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO

The fast urbanization of the underdeveloped countries and the exodus field-city increased the ability of the cities to attend this new demand to provide job and appropriate life conditions to growing population. The urban agriculture and around of urban areas shown as a viable activity for the improvement of the quality of life of the urban populations, mainly of the poorest layers. Rio Branco, the capital of the Acre state, is a typical city of the Brazilian Amazon, located inthe Acre river basin, whose formation was influenced to the growth of the extraction and commercialization of the latex. Rio Branco presented an accelerated urban and population growth in last decades, resulting in inefficient urban planning and inequalities in the form of occupation of the urban spaces. The main objective of this study was to elaborate a diagnosis of the use of the soils in the city of Rio Branco, with the approach of the public actions planning that increase or restrict use forms and maximize the family income in the soil conditions and atmosphere of the city in study. As hypothesis, was considered that different patterns from agricultural use of the urban soil in Rio Branco, shows relationship with the process of occupation of the area, with the cultural migrants variations that there fixed, and with the soils types. The soils of the Acre state, as well as of the Rio Branco, presents influenced genesis by sediments of the Andes Cordillera, and most possesses eutrophic characteristics and clay of high activity. Three study sites were selected, distributed in topographic sequence, along the urban area. Inside of each neighbourhood were selected five sampling points, also in topographic sequence. In the materials of soils were accomplished physical, chemical, mineralogical and heavy-metals analysis. After that was elaborated a land use cover and the soil types mapping, with subsequent geoprocessing operations, for example, crossing different maps, for the three studied neighbourhoods. The Plates neighbourhood is located in the highest part and has better soil drainage. This site presented most appropriate land use than the others neighbourhoods, Jardim Primavera and New City. That last neighbourhood presented the worst land use conditions, with few areas of arboreal vegetation and great impermeable areas and exposed soil. In general, all the soils along the topographic sequence have eutrophic characteristics and rich in nutrients, except in only one point located in the Jardim Primavera neighbourhood. All of the soil types are influenced by the freatic surface, for now in a more outstanding way, as in the gleic and fluvic soils, now minus, as in the plintita soils. In general, the soils did not present nutritional restrictions, and they were shown capable to the agricultural use. In many of the sample points, anthropogenic contributions was verified, with anomalous tenors of P, K, Ca, Mg and some micronutrients, as Fe, Zn and Cu, besides the presence of dumps and dejections. The largest restrictions to the agricultural use of the studied urban soils were: the height and variation of the freatic surface and the fragmentation and use of the urban lots.