Caracterização genética, morfológica e agronômica de germoplasma de sacha inchi (plukenetia volubilis L.) no estado do Amazonas

• Autor(a) principal: Rodrigues, Haroldo Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4790
• topic: Plukenetia volubilis; Pré-melhoramento; Euphorbiaceae; Amazônia; Plukenetia volubilis L; Pre-breeding; Euphorbiaceae; Amazon; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA::MELHORAMENTO VEGETAL

Although widely known and rich in biodiversity, the Amazon still has a range of species that are underexplored and neglected by science, these species may have great potential for man. Only a fraction of the Amazon biodiversity is known. It is estimated that the plant wealth comprises about 30,000 species, about 10% of plants from all over the planet. The sacha inchi is a native plant from the Amazon, with great potential for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. This plant has high amounts of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the oil that is extracted from its seeds. Studies on the oil characteristics are found in scientific journals. On the other hand, there is a lack of studies that measure the genetic diversity among genotypes of sacha inchi. Embrapa Western Amazon, located in Manaus, has a sacha inchi Germplasm Bank which is composed of 37 accessions. This work was aimed to measure the genetic diversity within and between accessions in this collection through molecular markers and phenotypic traits related to fruits and seeds. AFLP markers were used and the results obtained the genetic dissimilarity was calculating by the arithmetic complement of Jaccard coefficient and subsequent construction cluster by using the UPGMA method. The phenotypic data collected was subjected to variance analysis, classified with average grouping by the Skott-Knott method, Mahalanobis distance method and clustered by the UPGMA method. Also performed canonical correlation analysis and the study of diversity within and between accessions using the method of AMOVA. The results showed the following; the existence of genetic variability among genotypes, the molecular analysis revealed geographic structure among accessions, the phenotypic data affirmed that there is great variation between means of most of the variables considered in this work, it was not possible to detect statistically significant correlations between variables related to fruit and variables related to seed tough.For breeding purposes, the exploration of diversity within the accessions and crosses between divergent accessions should be adopted.