Resistência de genótipos de trigo à brusone (Pyricularia grisea)

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Takami, Lucas Kenji
Data de Publicação: 2011
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4546
Resumo: Wheat (Triticum spp.) is a grass grown and used as an energy source worldwide being cultivated in several regions of Brazil. However, some diseases severity and ineffective chemical control have been threatening Brazilian wheat production. Among the diseases, the blast of wheat caused by the fungus Pyricularia grisea, is gaining a prominent role, being able to reduce crop yields by up to 70%. Chemical control of the disease has been unsatisfactory and there is little information on genetic resistance available in the literature. Resistance is the best way to control diseases by both economically and environmentally advantages. Given these facts, the objective of this study was to evaluate the resistance to blast of wheat genotypes for later use in breeding programs. It was obtained 10 different isolates of the cereal producing regions in Brazil. The isolates were transferred to PDA medium (potato dextrose agar) and after development and cleansing of the colonies were transferred to OA medium (oatmeal and agar) and maintained at a temperature of about 25 ° C and light regime of 12 hours for 10 days for sporulation of the fungus to occur. The concentration of the fungus used in the inoculations was adjusted to 1.2 x 105 spores / mL. In the first experiment, plants were inoculated when they had four leaves. The plants were kept under controlled conditions at 25° C and evaluated seven days after inoculation. Plants were classified according to the type of infection and later was calculated the Resistance Spectrum Relative (RSR) (percentage of isolates that the genotype expressed resistance) and the Disease Index (DI) (resistance of a genotype using all range of types of infection). The DI values were considered different (p≤0,05) if their confidence intervals (95%) did not overlap. Genotypes IVI 04033, VI 07443, VI 07505, IVI 04028, VI 07157, VI 04026, VI 98053 and VI 07160 were susceptible to more than 80% of isolates. Five varieties and four lines had a RSR greater than 50% and DIs smaller than 0.6. Among the lines stood out VI 04098 and VI 07094 with RSR greater than 80%, equating to the variety IPR 85. In the second experiment conducted under field conditions, inoculation was done staggered, according to the cycle of the genotypes, when plants reached the stage of 58-60 in Zadoks scale (1974), being applied 1L of suspension of P. grisea at a concentration of 1.2 x 105/mL per plot. Productivity was assessed by harvesting each plot area (3 m2). Disease incidence was assessed by the percentage of infected spikes and severity was assessed by the percentage of infected spikelets in each spike.The yield ranged from 879 to 3983 kg / ha, the incidence of the disease ranged from 0.86 to 84.24% and the severity ranged from 0.48 to 65.29%. Seven genotypes were classified as MR, three genotypes as MS and nine as S. The highlights were the cultivars CD 116, CD 104, IPR 85 and line VI 07094 with yields exceeding 3000 kg / ha and severity lower than 6%. The three variables yield, incidence and severity showed significant correlation with each other.
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spelling Takami, Lucas Kenjihttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9493130825069087Zambolim, Laérciohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787254T6Sediyama, Tociohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780090Y4Souza, Moacil Alves dehttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780557T1Silva, Felipe Lopes dahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4564712877039359Rocha, Valterley Soareshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783380A82015-03-26T13:39:42Z2012-04-022015-03-26T13:39:42Z2011-07-07TAKAMI, Lucas Kenji. Resistance of wheat genotypes to blast (Pyricularia grisea). 2011. 42 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2011.http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4546Wheat (Triticum spp.) is a grass grown and used as an energy source worldwide being cultivated in several regions of Brazil. However, some diseases severity and ineffective chemical control have been threatening Brazilian wheat production. Among the diseases, the blast of wheat caused by the fungus Pyricularia grisea, is gaining a prominent role, being able to reduce crop yields by up to 70%. Chemical control of the disease has been unsatisfactory and there is little information on genetic resistance available in the literature. Resistance is the best way to control diseases by both economically and environmentally advantages. Given these facts, the objective of this study was to evaluate the resistance to blast of wheat genotypes for later use in breeding programs. It was obtained 10 different isolates of the cereal producing regions in Brazil. The isolates were transferred to PDA medium (potato dextrose agar) and after development and cleansing of the colonies were transferred to OA medium (oatmeal and agar) and maintained at a temperature of about 25 ° C and light regime of 12 hours for 10 days for sporulation of the fungus to occur. The concentration of the fungus used in the inoculations was adjusted to 1.2 x 105 spores / mL. In the first experiment, plants were inoculated when they had four leaves. The plants were kept under controlled conditions at 25° C and evaluated seven days after inoculation. Plants were classified according to the type of infection and later was calculated the Resistance Spectrum Relative (RSR) (percentage of isolates that the genotype expressed resistance) and the Disease Index (DI) (resistance of a genotype using all range of types of infection). The DI values were considered different (p≤0,05) if their confidence intervals (95%) did not overlap. Genotypes IVI 04033, VI 07443, VI 07505, IVI 04028, VI 07157, VI 04026, VI 98053 and VI 07160 were susceptible to more than 80% of isolates. Five varieties and four lines had a RSR greater than 50% and DIs smaller than 0.6. Among the lines stood out VI 04098 and VI 07094 with RSR greater than 80%, equating to the variety IPR 85. In the second experiment conducted under field conditions, inoculation was done staggered, according to the cycle of the genotypes, when plants reached the stage of 58-60 in Zadoks scale (1974), being applied 1L of suspension of P. grisea at a concentration of 1.2 x 105/mL per plot. Productivity was assessed by harvesting each plot area (3 m2). Disease incidence was assessed by the percentage of infected spikes and severity was assessed by the percentage of infected spikelets in each spike.The yield ranged from 879 to 3983 kg / ha, the incidence of the disease ranged from 0.86 to 84.24% and the severity ranged from 0.48 to 65.29%. Seven genotypes were classified as MR, three genotypes as MS and nine as S. The highlights were the cultivars CD 116, CD 104, IPR 85 and line VI 07094 with yields exceeding 3000 kg / ha and severity lower than 6%. The three variables yield, incidence and severity showed significant correlation with each other.O trigo (Triticum spp.) é uma gramínea cultivada e utilizada como fonte de energia no mundo todo, sendo cultivado em várias regiões do Brasil. No entanto, a severidade de algumas doenças e o controle químico ineficaz, vêm ameaçando a triticultura brasileira. Entre as doenças, a brusone do trigo causada pelo fungo Pyricularia grisea, vem ganhando um papel de destaque, podendo reduzir a produtividade das lavouras em até 70%. O controle químico da doença tem sido insatisfatório e existem poucas informações sobre resistência genética disponível na literatura. O uso da resistência é a melhor maneira de controle de doenças, tanto pelas vantagens do ponto de vista econômico, quanto ambiental. Diante desses fatos, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resistência de genótipos de trigo à brusone para posterior uso em programas de melhoramento genético. Foram obtidos 10 isolados de diferentes regiões produtoras do cereal no Brasil. Os isolados foram repicados para meio BDA (batata, dextrose e Agar) e após desenvolvimento e purificação das colônias foram transferidos para meio AV (aveia e Agar), sendo mantidos sob temperatura de aproximadamente 25ºC e regime de luz de 12 horas, durante 10 dias, para que ocorresse esporulação do fungo. A concentração do fungo empregada nas inoculações foi ajustada para 1,2 x 105 esporos/mL. No primeiro experimento, as plantas foram inoculadas quando apresentavam quatro folhas. As plantas foram mantidas em condições controladas a 25ºC e avaliadas sete dias após a inoculação. As plantas foram classificadas conforme o tipo de infecção e, posteriormente, foram calculados o Espectro de Resistência Relativo (ERR) (porcentagem de isolados que o genótipo expressou resistência) e o Índice de Doença (ID) (resistência de um genótipo usando toda a gama de tipos de infecção). Os valores de ID foram considerados diferentes (p≤0,05) caso seus intervalos de confianças (95%) não se sobrepusessem. Os genótipos IVI 04033, VI 07443, VI 07505, IVI 04028, VI 07157, VI 04026, VI 98053 e VI 07160 apresentaram suscetibilidade a mais de 80% dos isolados. Cinco cultivares e quatro linhagens apresentaram ERR maior que 50% e IDs menores que 0,6. Dentre as linhagens, destacaram-se VI 04098 e VI 07094 com ERR maiores que 80%, se equiparando a variedade IPR 85. No segundo experimento, conduzido em condições de campo, a inoculação foi feita de forma escalonada, de acordo com o ciclo dos genótipos de trigo, quando as plantas atingiram o estádio 58-60 da escala de Zadoks (1974), sendo aplicado 1L de suspensão de conídios de P. grisea na concentração de 1,2 x 105/mL por parcela. A produtividade foi avaliada pela colheita de cada parcela útil (3 m2). A incidência da doença foi avaliada pela porcentagem de espigas infectadas e a severidade foi avaliada pela porcentagem de espiguetas infectadas em cada espiga. A produtividade variou de 879 a 3983 kg/ha; a incidência da doença variou de 0,86 a 84,24% e a severidade variou de 0,48 a 65,29%. Sete genótipos que foram classificados como MR, três genótipos como MS e nove como S. Destacaram-se as cultivares CD 116, CD 104, IPR 85 e a linhagem VI 07094 com produtividades superiores a 3000 kg/ha e severidades menores que 6%. As três variáveis: incidência, produtividade e severidade, apresentaram correlação significativa entre si.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de ViçosaMestrado em FitotecniaUFVBRPlantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita deResistência varietalBrusoneTriticum aestirumVarietal resistanceBlastTriticum aestirumCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIAResistência de genótipos de trigo à brusone (Pyricularia grisea)Resistance of wheat genotypes to blast (Pyricularia grisea)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFVinstname:Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)instacron:UFVORIGINALtexto completo.pdfapplication/pdf745259https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/4546/1/texto%20completo.pdfd378fcf86e7bec345e93ab6ddc5b11c8MD51TEXTtexto completo.pdf.txttexto completo.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain87436https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/4546/2/texto%20completo.pdf.txt4a76ae384f835947aa07523e564c310dMD52THUMBNAILtexto completo.pdf.jpgtexto completo.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg3553https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/4546/3/texto%20completo.pdf.jpg0112866ac7a6fa6bffc44314cdc12a99MD53123456789/45462016-04-10 23:06:08.149oai:locus.ufv.br:123456789/4546Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.locus.ufv.br/oai/requestfabiojreis@ufv.bropendoar:21452016-04-11T02:06:08LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)false
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Resistência de genótipos de trigo à brusone (Pyricularia grisea)
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv Resistance of wheat genotypes to blast (Pyricularia grisea)
title Resistência de genótipos de trigo à brusone (Pyricularia grisea)
spellingShingle Resistência de genótipos de trigo à brusone (Pyricularia grisea)
Takami, Lucas Kenji
Resistência varietal
Brusone
Triticum aestirum
Varietal resistance
Blast
Triticum aestirum
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA
title_short Resistência de genótipos de trigo à brusone (Pyricularia grisea)
title_full Resistência de genótipos de trigo à brusone (Pyricularia grisea)
title_fullStr Resistência de genótipos de trigo à brusone (Pyricularia grisea)
title_full_unstemmed Resistência de genótipos de trigo à brusone (Pyricularia grisea)
title_sort Resistência de genótipos de trigo à brusone (Pyricularia grisea)
author Takami, Lucas Kenji
author_facet Takami, Lucas Kenji
author_role author
dc.contributor.authorLattes.por.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/9493130825069087
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Takami, Lucas Kenji
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv Zambolim, Laércio
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787254T6
dc.contributor.advisor-co2.fl_str_mv Sediyama, Tocio
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780090Y4
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Souza, Moacil Alves de
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780557T1
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Silva, Felipe Lopes da
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/4564712877039359
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Rocha, Valterley Soares
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783380A8
contributor_str_mv Zambolim, Laércio
Sediyama, Tocio
Souza, Moacil Alves de
Silva, Felipe Lopes da
Rocha, Valterley Soares
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Resistência varietal
Brusone
Triticum aestirum
topic Resistência varietal
Brusone
Triticum aestirum
Varietal resistance
Blast
Triticum aestirum
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Varietal resistance
Blast
Triticum aestirum
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA
description Wheat (Triticum spp.) is a grass grown and used as an energy source worldwide being cultivated in several regions of Brazil. However, some diseases severity and ineffective chemical control have been threatening Brazilian wheat production. Among the diseases, the blast of wheat caused by the fungus Pyricularia grisea, is gaining a prominent role, being able to reduce crop yields by up to 70%. Chemical control of the disease has been unsatisfactory and there is little information on genetic resistance available in the literature. Resistance is the best way to control diseases by both economically and environmentally advantages. Given these facts, the objective of this study was to evaluate the resistance to blast of wheat genotypes for later use in breeding programs. It was obtained 10 different isolates of the cereal producing regions in Brazil. The isolates were transferred to PDA medium (potato dextrose agar) and after development and cleansing of the colonies were transferred to OA medium (oatmeal and agar) and maintained at a temperature of about 25 ° C and light regime of 12 hours for 10 days for sporulation of the fungus to occur. The concentration of the fungus used in the inoculations was adjusted to 1.2 x 105 spores / mL. In the first experiment, plants were inoculated when they had four leaves. The plants were kept under controlled conditions at 25° C and evaluated seven days after inoculation. Plants were classified according to the type of infection and later was calculated the Resistance Spectrum Relative (RSR) (percentage of isolates that the genotype expressed resistance) and the Disease Index (DI) (resistance of a genotype using all range of types of infection). The DI values were considered different (p≤0,05) if their confidence intervals (95%) did not overlap. Genotypes IVI 04033, VI 07443, VI 07505, IVI 04028, VI 07157, VI 04026, VI 98053 and VI 07160 were susceptible to more than 80% of isolates. Five varieties and four lines had a RSR greater than 50% and DIs smaller than 0.6. Among the lines stood out VI 04098 and VI 07094 with RSR greater than 80%, equating to the variety IPR 85. In the second experiment conducted under field conditions, inoculation was done staggered, according to the cycle of the genotypes, when plants reached the stage of 58-60 in Zadoks scale (1974), being applied 1L of suspension of P. grisea at a concentration of 1.2 x 105/mL per plot. Productivity was assessed by harvesting each plot area (3 m2). Disease incidence was assessed by the percentage of infected spikes and severity was assessed by the percentage of infected spikelets in each spike.The yield ranged from 879 to 3983 kg / ha, the incidence of the disease ranged from 0.86 to 84.24% and the severity ranged from 0.48 to 65.29%. Seven genotypes were classified as MR, three genotypes as MS and nine as S. The highlights were the cultivars CD 116, CD 104, IPR 85 and line VI 07094 with yields exceeding 3000 kg / ha and severity lower than 6%. The three variables yield, incidence and severity showed significant correlation with each other.
publishDate 2011
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2011-07-07
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2012-04-02
2015-03-26T13:39:42Z
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dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv TAKAMI, Lucas Kenji. Resistance of wheat genotypes to blast (Pyricularia grisea). 2011. 42 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2011.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4546
identifier_str_mv TAKAMI, Lucas Kenji. Resistance of wheat genotypes to blast (Pyricularia grisea). 2011. 42 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2011.
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