Melhoramento genético do porte do feijoeiro

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Vanessa Maria Pereira e
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1319
• topic: Phaseolus vulgaris; Genética quantitativa; Dialelo parcial; Controle genético; Arquitetura de planta; Phaseolus vulgaris; Quantitative genetics; Partial diallel; Genetic control; Plant architecture; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA::MELHORAMENTO VEGETAL

This work aimed to obtain information on heterosis, general and specific combining ability, to estimate the genic effects involved in the genetic control of the plant architecture of common bean and investigate the association between traits related to plant architecture. Thus, 14 bean lines were crossed in a partial diallel system and divided into two contrasting groups, considering plant architecture, grain yield and type. Group 1 was composed of 8 erect plants and group 2 by 6 carioca grain group lines with good yield performance and commercial aspect. Generation F1 of the 48 combinations and the 14 parents were evaluated in the spring /2008 (March planting) for the characteristics grain yield, plant architecture score, diameter of the hipocotyl, mean plot height, height of first pod insertion, total number of pods, number of pods in the branches and number of branches. The characteristics diameter of the hipocotyl and plot mean height were the ones that most correlated with plant architecture score. The dominant genes act by reducing the plant architecture score and increasing the diameter of the hipocotyl and the additive effects were predominant in the control of these characteristics. The selection of erect plants, with a wider diameter of the hypocotyl, can be carried out in early generations, due the action of additive effect genes. For grain yield and plant mean height, selection must preferentially be carried out in advanced generations, as there was a greater contribution of the effects of dominance to the determination of these characters. The heritability estimate in the wide sense was greater for the diameter of the hipocotyl (0.81) than for the plant architecture score (0.60), showing that the latter ismore complex than the former. The diameter of the hipocotyl canbe potentially used in the selection of more erect plants, considering within families- selection. Cross A170 x VC6 was the most promising for grain yield, while cross A805 x BRS MG Majestoso was the most promising for extraction of erect plant lines. An alternative for the selection of lines associating erect plant architecture and high grain yield is the double cross between the F1 s of the crosses A170 x VC6 and A805 x BRS MG Majestoso. Line A525 has a high potential to be used as parent in breeding programs aiming the obtaining of erect plants.