Fósforo extraído com resinas trocadoras de íons e Mehlich-1 de Latossolos, submetidos a fontes e doses de fósforo e tempos de contato

• Autor(a) principal: Freitas, Irio Fernando de
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5491
• topic: Extratores de P-Disponível; Fósforo; Resina; Available P-extractors; Phosphorus; Resin; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO

Although numerous publications have tried to determine soil available P by different extraction methods, a number of questions remain unsolved. The objective of this study was to compare the Mehlich-1, Anion Resin, and Mixed Resin methods, to assess P availability in different soils, after application of soluble fertilizer and reactive and non-reactive phosphates, at different P rates and contact times. The laboratory experiment was conducted at room temperature (25 - 350C), at the Department of Soil Science of the Federal University of Viçosa, in randomized blocks in a [(3 × 3 × 2) +3]x 4 factorial design with four replications. Three Oxisols with different soil texture were tested: a very clayey LV,; a sandy clay loam LVA, and a sandy loam LA; with three P sources: triple superphosphate, Gafsa reactive phosphate rock, and natural phosphate from Araxá at two P rates (75 and 150 mg dm- 3), plus no treatment (0 dose) for each soil, after four phosphate - soil contact periods (15, 30, 60, and 120 days). Soil samples were collected from the 0 - 20 cm layer, sieved (2 mm), homogenized, and the physical and chemical properties analyzed. Soil acidity was corrected by raising base saturation to 60% with the application of CaCO3 and MgCO3 at a 4:1 molar ratio (LA required no correction). These samples were maintained at field moisture-capacity for 30 days. Thereafter, the soils were dried, crumbled and separated in 1-dm3 portions for the treatments. After the contact periods, the available-P concentrations in the samples were determined by the three extractors. Generally, the available P-content assessed by Mehlich-1, Mixed resin (MR), and anion resin (AR) decreased with increasing soil-P source contact time. For the three P sources, this reduction was most pronounced when using triple superphosphate, intermediate for reactive phosphate and phosphate Araxá was least sensitive to time effects. It was observed that AR extracted lower P levels from all three soils when the sources were phosphates, while MR extracted values close to Mehlich-1 in LV (clay) and LVA (medium texture) for reactive phosphate. For Araxá phosphate, much higher P values were determined by Mehlich-1 than by the resins, because of the acidity of the extractor. For triple superphosphate, both resins extracted higher P levels than Mehlich-1, due to the consumption of the extractor, especially from LV and LVA.