Eficiência de uso de nitrogênio e atividade da nitrato redutase e glutamina sintetase em milho

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Lucimar Rodrigues de
Data de Publicação: 2009
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1127
Resumo: This work aims to evaluate strategies to increase the nitrogen use efficiency, as the amount of dry matter produced per nitrogen unit and the enzymes activities of reductase nitrate and synthetase glutamine in the early corn plants selection. Three experiments were installed in a greenhouse in pots filled with sand and two treatments of nitrogen (N), maintained in Hoagland solution. In experiment 1, 10 corn strains were evaluated without prior informing about N use efficiency at two N treatments (2 mM and 0.2 mM). In experiment 2, eight corn strains were selected with contrasting performances on the absorption and N utilization in two N treatments (10 mM and 1 mM). In experiment 3, twenty-two hybrids and three witnesses in two N treatments (10 mM and 1 mM) were evaluated. In all greenhouse experiments, the plants were harvested at the four fully quite leaves stage. For experiment 1, the characteristics of air-dry matter (ADM), root dry matter (RDM), total dry matter (TDM), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and glutamine synthetase activity (GS) showed significant differences at high and low N doses. The nitrogen absorption efficiency (NAE) was significant at high-N dosis, and nitrate reductase (NR) was significant at low N dosis. The correlations among NR enzymes activity and GS and the other defining features were low; negative for high N; low and positive for low N. For N use efficiency (NUE), high and significant correlations were observed with ADM, RDM, TDM, and NUE characteristics at high and low N. For the experiment 2, NUE and NAE showed significant differences at high N. NAE, NUtE, NUE, and NR and GS enzymes activities showed significant differences at low N. For experiment 3, the significant features in high N were ADM, ADM/RDM relationship, and NAE; at low N were ADM, RDM, TDM, and NUE. Two field experiments to evaluate twenty-two-hybrid and three witnesses in two nitrogen doses, 120 and 30 kg ha-1, were also installed, classified as high and low N, respectively. At high N, the grains productivity (GP) characteristics, NUE, NUtE, and NAE showed significant differences. At low N, none of the characteristics showed significant difference. The NR enzymes activities and GS were not efficient to discriminate corn hybrids in the field. In experiment 1, at high N, only GS was efficient in the strains discrimination and it is associated with NUE; in low N, the NR and GS enzymes activities were efficient and are associated with NUE. In experiment 2, in high N, only NAE was efficient in the strains discrimination. The NR enzyme and GS activity, NUE and NAE were efficient to discriminate the strains to NUE at low N. In experiment 3, at high N, the highest NUE are associated to NAE and to at least one of NR and GS enzymes with higher activity. At low N, NUE is associated with greater absorption, with nutrient use, with reduced NR activity, and with higher GS activity. In field experiments, the hybrids showed high genetic variability in high N; at least one of the efficiencies, NUtE or NAE is related to higher NUE at high and low N; the lowest NR activity or the highest GS activity is related to NUE. It follows that the strains and hybrids selection with higher nitrogen use efficiency can not be done based only on the nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity; the nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity is related to nitrogen use efficiency; the selection criteria to identify genotypes with greater nitrogen use efficiency vary according to nutrient availability.
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spelling Oliveira, Lucimar Rodrigues dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9481467586868563Galvão, João Carlos Cardosohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4784805H4Berger, Paulo Geraldohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4721101J6Miranda, Glauco Vieirahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4782667H6Marriel, Ivanildo Evodiohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783869H2Santos, Izabel Cristina doshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4728205D92015-03-26T12:43:35Z2013-02-212015-03-26T12:43:35Z2009-11-27OLIVEIRA, Lucimar Rodrigues de. Nitrogen use efficiency and reductase nitrate and synthetase glutamine activity in corn. 2009. 77 f. Tese (Doutorado em Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2009.http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1127This work aims to evaluate strategies to increase the nitrogen use efficiency, as the amount of dry matter produced per nitrogen unit and the enzymes activities of reductase nitrate and synthetase glutamine in the early corn plants selection. Three experiments were installed in a greenhouse in pots filled with sand and two treatments of nitrogen (N), maintained in Hoagland solution. In experiment 1, 10 corn strains were evaluated without prior informing about N use efficiency at two N treatments (2 mM and 0.2 mM). In experiment 2, eight corn strains were selected with contrasting performances on the absorption and N utilization in two N treatments (10 mM and 1 mM). In experiment 3, twenty-two hybrids and three witnesses in two N treatments (10 mM and 1 mM) were evaluated. In all greenhouse experiments, the plants were harvested at the four fully quite leaves stage. For experiment 1, the characteristics of air-dry matter (ADM), root dry matter (RDM), total dry matter (TDM), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and glutamine synthetase activity (GS) showed significant differences at high and low N doses. The nitrogen absorption efficiency (NAE) was significant at high-N dosis, and nitrate reductase (NR) was significant at low N dosis. The correlations among NR enzymes activity and GS and the other defining features were low; negative for high N; low and positive for low N. For N use efficiency (NUE), high and significant correlations were observed with ADM, RDM, TDM, and NUE characteristics at high and low N. For the experiment 2, NUE and NAE showed significant differences at high N. NAE, NUtE, NUE, and NR and GS enzymes activities showed significant differences at low N. For experiment 3, the significant features in high N were ADM, ADM/RDM relationship, and NAE; at low N were ADM, RDM, TDM, and NUE. Two field experiments to evaluate twenty-two-hybrid and three witnesses in two nitrogen doses, 120 and 30 kg ha-1, were also installed, classified as high and low N, respectively. At high N, the grains productivity (GP) characteristics, NUE, NUtE, and NAE showed significant differences. At low N, none of the characteristics showed significant difference. The NR enzymes activities and GS were not efficient to discriminate corn hybrids in the field. In experiment 1, at high N, only GS was efficient in the strains discrimination and it is associated with NUE; in low N, the NR and GS enzymes activities were efficient and are associated with NUE. In experiment 2, in high N, only NAE was efficient in the strains discrimination. The NR enzyme and GS activity, NUE and NAE were efficient to discriminate the strains to NUE at low N. In experiment 3, at high N, the highest NUE are associated to NAE and to at least one of NR and GS enzymes with higher activity. At low N, NUE is associated with greater absorption, with nutrient use, with reduced NR activity, and with higher GS activity. In field experiments, the hybrids showed high genetic variability in high N; at least one of the efficiencies, NUtE or NAE is related to higher NUE at high and low N; the lowest NR activity or the highest GS activity is related to NUE. It follows that the strains and hybrids selection with higher nitrogen use efficiency can not be done based only on the nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity; the nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity is related to nitrogen use efficiency; the selection criteria to identify genotypes with greater nitrogen use efficiency vary according to nutrient availability.Os objetivos foram avaliar estratégias para aumentar a eficiência de uso de nitrogênio, como a quantidade de matéria seca produzida por unidade de nitrogênio e as atividades das enzimas nitrato redutase e glutamina sintetase na seleção precoce de plantas de milho. Foram instalados três experimentos em casa de vegetação em vasos preenchidos com areia e dois tratamentos de nitrogênio (N), mantidos em solução de Hoagland. No experimento 1, foram avaliadas dez linhagens de milho sem informação prévia da eficiência de uso de N em dois tratamentos de N (2 mM e 0,2 mM). No experimento 2, foram selecionadas oito linhagens de milho com desempenhos contrastantes quanto à absorção e utilização de N em dois tratamentos de N (10 mM e 1 mM). No experimento 3, foram avaliados vinte e dois híbridos e três testemunhas em dois tratamentos de N (10 mM e 1 mM). Em todos os experimentos de casa de vegetação, as plantas foram colhidas no estádio de quatro folhas completamente desenvolvidas. Para o experimento 1, as características matéria seca da parte área (MSPA), matéria seca da raiz (MSRA), matéria seca total (MSTo), eficiência de uso de nitrogênio (EUN) e atividade da glutamina sintetase (GS) apresentaram diferenças significativas em alto e baixo N. A eficiência de absorção de nitrogênio (EAbN) foi significativa em alto N, e a nitrato redutase (NR), significativa em baixo N. As correlações entre a atividade das enzimas NR e GS e as demais características foram baixas e negativas para alto N e baixas e positivas para baixo N. Para eficiência de utilização de N (EUtN), foram observadas correlações elevadas e significativas com as características MSPA, MSRA, MSTo e EUN em alto e baixo N. Para o experimento 2, a EUN e a EAbN apresentaram diferenças significativas em alto N. As EAbN, EUtN e EUN e as atividades das enzimas NR e GS apresentaram diferenças significativas em baixo N. Para o experimento 3, as características significativas em alto N foram MSPA, relação MSPA/MSR A e EAbN e, em baixo N, foram MSPA, MSRA, MSTo e EUN. Foram instalados também dois experimentos em campo para avaliação de vinte e dois híbridos e três testemunhas em duas doses de nitrogênio, 120 e 30 kg ha-1, classificadas como alto e baixo N, respectivamente. Em alto N, as características produtividade de grãos (PG), EUN, EUtN e EAbN apresentaram diferenças significativas. Em baixo N, nenhuma das características apresentou diferença significativa. As atividades das enzimas NR e GS não foram eficientes para discriminar híbridos de milho em campo. No experimento 1, em alto N, apenas a GS foi eficiente na discriminação das linhagens e está associada à EUN, e em baixo N, as atividades das enzimas NR e GS foram eficientes e estão associadas à EUN. No experimento 2, em alto N, apenas a EAbN foi eficiente na discriminação das linhagens; a atividade das enzimas NR e GS, a EUtN e EAbN foram eficientes para discriminar as linhagens para EUN em baixo N. No experimento 3, em alto N, as maiores EUN estão associadas a EAbN e a pelo menos uma das enzimas NR e GS com maior atividade; em baixo N, a EUN está associada à maior absorção, utilização do nutriente e à menor atividade da NR e maior atividade da GS. Nos experimentos de campo, os híbridos apresentaram variabilidade genética em alto N; pelo menos uma das eficiências, EUtN ou EAbN, está relacionada com a maior EUN em alto e baixo N; a menor atividade da NR ou a maior atividade da GS está relacionada a EUN. Conclui-se que a seleção de linhagens e híbridos com maior eficiência de usode nitrogênio não é possível ser realizada com base somente na atividade das enzimas nitrato redutase e glutamina sintetase; a atividade da nitrato redutase e da glutamina sintetase está relacionada com a eficiência de uso de nitrogênio; e os critérios de seleção para identificar genótipos com maior eficiência de uso de nitrogênio variam de acordo com a disponibilidade do nutriente.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológicoapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de ViçosaDoutorado em FitotecniaUFVBRPlantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita deZea maysMelhoramentoEstresse abióticoSeleçãoNitrogênioZea maysImprovementAbiotic stressSelectionNitrogenCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIAEficiência de uso de nitrogênio e atividade da nitrato redutase e glutamina sintetase em milhoNitrogen use efficiency and reductase nitrate and synthetase glutamine activity in corninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFVinstname:Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)instacron:UFVORIGINALtexto completo.pdfapplication/pdf279891https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/1127/1/texto%20completo.pdfee181fdcfd58737523d6a4c0d700c049MD51TEXTtexto completo.pdf.txttexto completo.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain160500https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/1127/2/texto%20completo.pdf.txt048b250f304f56c33c4efdf369114c96MD52THUMBNAILtexto completo.pdf.jpgtexto completo.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg3631https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/1127/3/texto%20completo.pdf.jpg919916f46dfd8744715d09e3886cd735MD53123456789/11272016-04-06 23:22:16.972oai:locus.ufv.br:123456789/1127Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.locus.ufv.br/oai/requestfabiojreis@ufv.bropendoar:21452016-04-07T02:22:16LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)false
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Eficiência de uso de nitrogênio e atividade da nitrato redutase e glutamina sintetase em milho
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv Nitrogen use efficiency and reductase nitrate and synthetase glutamine activity in corn
title Eficiência de uso de nitrogênio e atividade da nitrato redutase e glutamina sintetase em milho
spellingShingle Eficiência de uso de nitrogênio e atividade da nitrato redutase e glutamina sintetase em milho
Oliveira, Lucimar Rodrigues de
Zea mays
Melhoramento
Estresse abiótico
Seleção
Nitrogênio
Zea mays
Improvement
Abiotic stress
Selection
Nitrogen
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA
title_short Eficiência de uso de nitrogênio e atividade da nitrato redutase e glutamina sintetase em milho
title_full Eficiência de uso de nitrogênio e atividade da nitrato redutase e glutamina sintetase em milho
title_fullStr Eficiência de uso de nitrogênio e atividade da nitrato redutase e glutamina sintetase em milho
title_full_unstemmed Eficiência de uso de nitrogênio e atividade da nitrato redutase e glutamina sintetase em milho
title_sort Eficiência de uso de nitrogênio e atividade da nitrato redutase e glutamina sintetase em milho
author Oliveira, Lucimar Rodrigues de
author_facet Oliveira, Lucimar Rodrigues de
author_role author
dc.contributor.authorLattes.por.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/9481467586868563
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Oliveira, Lucimar Rodrigues de
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv Galvão, João Carlos Cardoso
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4784805H4
dc.contributor.advisor-co2.fl_str_mv Berger, Paulo Geraldo
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4721101J6
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Miranda, Glauco Vieira
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4782667H6
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Marriel, Ivanildo Evodio
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783869H2
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Santos, Izabel Cristina dos
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4728205D9
contributor_str_mv Galvão, João Carlos Cardoso
Berger, Paulo Geraldo
Miranda, Glauco Vieira
Marriel, Ivanildo Evodio
Santos, Izabel Cristina dos
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Zea mays
Melhoramento
Estresse abiótico
Seleção
Nitrogênio
topic Zea mays
Melhoramento
Estresse abiótico
Seleção
Nitrogênio
Zea mays
Improvement
Abiotic stress
Selection
Nitrogen
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Zea mays
Improvement
Abiotic stress
Selection
Nitrogen
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA
description This work aims to evaluate strategies to increase the nitrogen use efficiency, as the amount of dry matter produced per nitrogen unit and the enzymes activities of reductase nitrate and synthetase glutamine in the early corn plants selection. Three experiments were installed in a greenhouse in pots filled with sand and two treatments of nitrogen (N), maintained in Hoagland solution. In experiment 1, 10 corn strains were evaluated without prior informing about N use efficiency at two N treatments (2 mM and 0.2 mM). In experiment 2, eight corn strains were selected with contrasting performances on the absorption and N utilization in two N treatments (10 mM and 1 mM). In experiment 3, twenty-two hybrids and three witnesses in two N treatments (10 mM and 1 mM) were evaluated. In all greenhouse experiments, the plants were harvested at the four fully quite leaves stage. For experiment 1, the characteristics of air-dry matter (ADM), root dry matter (RDM), total dry matter (TDM), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and glutamine synthetase activity (GS) showed significant differences at high and low N doses. The nitrogen absorption efficiency (NAE) was significant at high-N dosis, and nitrate reductase (NR) was significant at low N dosis. The correlations among NR enzymes activity and GS and the other defining features were low; negative for high N; low and positive for low N. For N use efficiency (NUE), high and significant correlations were observed with ADM, RDM, TDM, and NUE characteristics at high and low N. For the experiment 2, NUE and NAE showed significant differences at high N. NAE, NUtE, NUE, and NR and GS enzymes activities showed significant differences at low N. For experiment 3, the significant features in high N were ADM, ADM/RDM relationship, and NAE; at low N were ADM, RDM, TDM, and NUE. Two field experiments to evaluate twenty-two-hybrid and three witnesses in two nitrogen doses, 120 and 30 kg ha-1, were also installed, classified as high and low N, respectively. At high N, the grains productivity (GP) characteristics, NUE, NUtE, and NAE showed significant differences. At low N, none of the characteristics showed significant difference. The NR enzymes activities and GS were not efficient to discriminate corn hybrids in the field. In experiment 1, at high N, only GS was efficient in the strains discrimination and it is associated with NUE; in low N, the NR and GS enzymes activities were efficient and are associated with NUE. In experiment 2, in high N, only NAE was efficient in the strains discrimination. The NR enzyme and GS activity, NUE and NAE were efficient to discriminate the strains to NUE at low N. In experiment 3, at high N, the highest NUE are associated to NAE and to at least one of NR and GS enzymes with higher activity. At low N, NUE is associated with greater absorption, with nutrient use, with reduced NR activity, and with higher GS activity. In field experiments, the hybrids showed high genetic variability in high N; at least one of the efficiencies, NUtE or NAE is related to higher NUE at high and low N; the lowest NR activity or the highest GS activity is related to NUE. It follows that the strains and hybrids selection with higher nitrogen use efficiency can not be done based only on the nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity; the nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity is related to nitrogen use efficiency; the selection criteria to identify genotypes with greater nitrogen use efficiency vary according to nutrient availability.
publishDate 2009
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2009-11-27
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2013-02-21
2015-03-26T12:43:35Z
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2015-03-26T12:43:35Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
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status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv OLIVEIRA, Lucimar Rodrigues de. Nitrogen use efficiency and reductase nitrate and synthetase glutamine activity in corn. 2009. 77 f. Tese (Doutorado em Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2009.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1127
identifier_str_mv OLIVEIRA, Lucimar Rodrigues de. Nitrogen use efficiency and reductase nitrate and synthetase glutamine activity in corn. 2009. 77 f. Tese (Doutorado em Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2009.
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dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv Doutorado em Fitotecnia
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv UFV
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv BR
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Viçosa
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