Avaliação de Metas de produção eficientes e compatíveis com fatores ergonômicos de trabalhadores de silvicultura

• Autor(a) principal: Marzano, Felipe Leitão da Cunha
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3146
• topic: Ergonomia; Implantação Florestal; Produtividade; Ergonomics; Forest Deployment; Productivity; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::MANEJO FLORESTAL

The growth of the forest sector in Brazil and in the world necessitates the improvement of techniques used in forestry operations and forest harvesting. Production targets were always determined based on studies of time and productivity, however ergonomic variables should be included in this process. The aim of this study was the ergonomic analysis of alignment and marking activities, semi-mechanized tillage and planting and determining production targets for the employee, compatible with the well-being, satisfaction and safety, minimizing the emergence of occupational diseases and improving the efficiency of the process. The working conditions were assessed with questionnaires and field measurements. The time study was conducted to know the time spent on each activity and determine the workers productivity. The ergonomic variables analyzed were physical work load, thermal environment, exposure to noise and vibration, repetitive tasks and biomechanics. Production targets were determined as a function of pause time required between the critical factors analyzed. In all activities analyzed the effective work time was less than 50% of the working day and time not worked, close to 40%. In planting activity the ergonomic breaks were not performed. The average productivity of workers was 310 marks per hour in the activity alignment and marking 210 graves per hour in the activity of semi-mechanized tillage and 183 seedlings per hour in the planting activity. The cardiovascular load was higher than the limit of 40% in all activities. WBGT values were below the limit in September, but in October were higher, requiring up to 75% of breaks in planting activity. The noise values were higher than the limit of 85 dB (A), but the attenuation provided by the use of the personal protective equipment reduced these values to acceptable levels. The vibration values were higher than the threshold level of exposure, constituting the critical factor in the activity of semi-mechanized tillage. The repeatability factor was present in all the analyzed tasks. According to the biomechanical analysis, the most affected joints were hip, shoulder, knee and wrist. The compressive force of the L5-S1 disc was lower than the recommended limit. Production targets recommended were from 1240 to 1740 marks per working day for the activity alignment and marking 667 graves for the activity of semi-mechanized tillage and 367-733 seedlings for planting activity.