Avaliação de variedades e progênies de soja para a produção de silagem

• Autor(a) principal: Mello Filho, Odilon Lemos de
• Data de Publicação: 2006
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1297
• topic: Soja; Melhoramento genético; Análise dialélica; Forragem; Seleção; Soybean; Breeding; Diallel analysis; Silage; Selection; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA

The present work was developed in Viçosa - MG. The material was planted in November, 2004 in a randomized blocks design. It was aimed at: i) to evaluate the behavior of 20 varieties and two lines, regarding to characters related to silage production, as well as to determine the genetic divergence among them; ii) to estimate the phenotypic, genetic and environmental correlations among characters related to silage production; iii) to verify, by using paths analisis, the direct and indirect effects of those characters on plants dry matter yield, and on the pH of their silage and; iv) to select, through partial diallel analysis, progenitors to be used in soybean programs looking forward to silage production. The varieties showed satisfactory dry matter yield, with prominence for the variety DM 339. The protein content (PB) was high and the soluble carbohydrates content (CSO) was as expected, based in similar studies, as well as the ether extract content (EE), neutral detergent fiber (FDN) and acid detergent fiber (FDA). The line UFVPTA 182 presents excellent potential to be used in breeding programs looking forward to high protein content. The most divergent varieties that still stood out regarding at least one of the characteristics PMS, CSO or PB were DM 339, with high PMS; UFVPTA 182, Tucunaré and Monarca, with high protein content, and UFVPTN 3005 and Msoy 9001, with high CSO. The silages presented excellent nutritional value, based in their chemical- bromatological composition. The latest varieties were the ones that yielded larger dry matter yields (PMS), being, the cycle, the most suitable characteristic to accomplish indirect selection for PMS. The soluble carbohydrates content (CSO) contributed to pH reduction, to the gases production reduction and to increase of the dry matter recovery index (IRMS). The soluble carbohydrates content (CSO) and the ammonium nitrogen in percentage of the total nitrogen content (N-NH3) were, among the characters included in the model, the ones that most influenced the silage pH. The progenitors UFVPTN 3005, A7002 and Tucunaré showed greater success potential, for increase of the soluble carbohydrates content (CSO). UFVPTA 182, Tucunaré, Luziânia and UFVS2003 are the most suitable, when high protein content (PB) is thought. For increase in the PMS, the progenitor Sambaíba presented higher potential. For reduction of neutral detergent fiber (FDN) and acid detergent fiber (FDA), the progenitors UFVPTA 182 and A7002 are more suitable and; for ether extract (EE), UFVPTA 182, UFV16 and Tucunaré. When it is thought to obtain larger selection gains for most of the appraised characteristics, the progenitors UFVPTA 182, Sambaíba, Tucunaré and Luziânia are the most promising to be used in an breeding program looking forward to soybean silage production.