Diversidade genética de caprinos nas Repúblicas de Cabo Verde e do Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: Pires, Luanna Chácara
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1779
• topic: Recursos genéticos; DNA; Marcadores microssatélites; mtDNA; Caprinos; Ovinos; Diversidade genética; Genetic resources; DNA; Microsatellite markers; mtDNA; Goats; Sheep; Genetic diversity; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::GENETICA E MELHORAMENTO DOS ANIMAIS DOMESTICOS

This study aims were: characterize and differentiate the Brazilian and Cape Verde goats by biometric and morphological zoometrical indexes; analyze the growth curve of Repartida goats; and predict the goats weight by barimetria. Morphometric data were collected from naturalized goat populations raised in Brazil and Cape Verde, and some data of commercial and Moroccan goat populations for comparison. For the phenotypic characterization were used biometric measurements, presence or absence of phenotypic traits, zoometric indexes and weight of some animals. The results showed, by biometric data, that are different types Cape Verdeans goats. The goats of Fire Island are group separated of other Cape Verdean goats. The goat populations of the Barlavento Islands are grouped by geographical distances. The herds of Fogo Island are grouped by geographical proximity between the neighborhood of the island and the places where crossbreeding are made with the Canary breed. For morphological characters, it was possible to characterize the goats in each island by means of different morphological features. The clusters using binary data were more consistent and showed that the populations of the Barlavento Islands (São Vicente and Santo Antão) are most similar to each other than the Fire goat population, that it is the most distinct in comparison with others. The piauienses ecotypes evaluated Azul e Marota are having a good state of conservation. The goats of Repartida Bahia, Gurguéia Piauí and Undefined Breed Piauí have body conformation close to commercial breeds. The piauienses ecotypes Repartida and Gurguéia must have been cross breeding. Zoometric indexes were useful to evaluate that Nambi Piauí and Undefined Breed are more ability to meat production. Populations of São Nicolau, Santiago, São Vicente, Azul, Santo Antão and Repartida has greater ability for milk production. Populations of Gurguéia, Marota and Fire are ability for meat and milk production. The origin of Brazilian goats from Cape Verde, probably come from Sotavento Islands (Fogo and Santiago) and not from Barlavento (São Nicolau, Santo Antão and São Vicente). Among the naturalized Brazilian populations, the Repartida ecotype is what nearest to Cape Verde goats. The logistic model showed better results to description the growth curve of ecotype Repartida goats. The ecotype Repartida goats have high weight at birth and low weight at maturity, which may indicate, in addition to the nutritional deficit, the adaptation of the animals to hard conditions of the Caatinga. The growth of these animals is slow, so can recommend the slaughter before the 210 days of age. The equations estimated based on thoracic circumference have accurately prediction to estimate the live weight of Anglo-Nubian, Alpine, Mambrina and Repartida, what not justified the using of more measures than the thoracic circumference.