Caracterização química e física de excretas de codornas européias submetidas a variações de temperatura em câmaras climáticas como indicativo de níveis de estresse calórico, emissão de amônia e adequação a compostagem

• Autor(a) principal: Mendes, Múcio André dos Santos Alves
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3638
• topic: Codorna européia; Estresse calórico; Emissão de amônia; European quail; Heat stress; Ammonia emission; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA

Despite the meat quails are already in the Brazilian market for 16 years, there is little information in the areas of management, nutrition and environment as a whole, this fact often difficult to create and contribute to the increased cost of production of European species under the climate conditions of Brazil. It is considered that the creating quails cutting has great growth potential, thus making it of paramount importance studies related to the creation of this animal, both in terms of ambience associated with animal production, such as environmental aspects related to the characterization of waste produced, under different thermal conditions of creation. Based on the above, we aimed at, this work was to characterize and analyze the variation of components of the excreta of meat quails Coturnix coturnix coturnix strain, grown in growth chambers under different conditions of thermal environment. He had as specific objectives to evaluate the possible relationship between components and excreta moisture of the thermal environment for the creation of quails, and the relationship between components and characteristics of excreta with the thermal comfort ideal for quail, each week of the same. We will also evaluate the potential of ammonia emission from excreta in different micro-environmental conditions and determine the ratio carbon / nitrogen excreta so that we can calculate the optimal amount of specific sources of carbon to be added to the manure, composting for later efficient substrate generated. The study was conducted in AMBIAGRO-DEA/UFV, and conducted in two stages: the first stage 900 birds were used 1-21 days of age and second stage 300 birds were used 22-35 days of age. The first phase consisted of the following treatments: thermal comfort recommended in the literature for the three first weeks of life of the birds (36, 33, 30 ° C, respectively), two levels of heat stress (39, 36, 30 ° C and 42, 39, 36 ° C respectively), two levels of stress for cooling (33, 30, 27 and 30 ° C, 27, 24 ° C). In the second phase trial was a redistribution of the birds so that the quail each of the five treatments were initially subjected to a thermal comfort recommended position (26 ° C) and two levels of heat stress (30 ° C and 33 ° C) thus, new treatments 15. We analyzed the moisture content, pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total sodium and total potassium in the excreta of the birds during the two phases. The variations of nitrogen and potassium found in the excreta of birds submitted to different thermal environments was not enough to ensure that these parameters serve as indicators of thermal stress of quails. Since the moisture content of the excreta of birds subjected to severe heat in the second phase of the experiment are higher than the value found in the excreta of birds subjected to thermal comfort, describing this factor as an indication that the birds are not in thermal comfort . The carbon / nitrogen ratio obtained in the excreta of quails, regardless of age and are subjected to the thermal environment, is less than ideal for composting, requiring addition of carbon material supplier. Very cold environments in early life or very hot in the growth phase and final meat quails, leading to more liquid feces and the consequent increased potential for ammonia emissions.