Comparação de dispersantes químicos na análise granulométrica de solos do Estado de Pernambuco

• Autor(a) principal: Cunha, Jailson Cavalcante
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5444
• topic: Cargas elétricas; Dispersantes; Análise granulométrica; Electric charges; Dispersants; Sieve analysis; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO

In laboratories in different regions of the country and in some cases, even in the same region, the procedures of particle size analysis are not standardized. There are differences in the chemical and physical dispersion techniques and in texture fraction quantification. There is no agreement on the most indicated chemical dispersant for particle-size analysis. Solutions of sodium hydroxide, sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium carbonate are the most commonly used. It is believed that the high pH of the NaOH solution favors the dispersion of variable-charge clay soils. Based on this statement the efficiency of NaOH, of [(NaPO3)n + Na2CO3] and of [(NaPO3)n + NaOH] solutions as chemical dispersants was tested in the particle-size analysis of two horizons of 26 reference soils of the state of Pernambuco. The treatments were arranged in a 26 x 2 x 3 factorial design (26 representative soils of Pernambuco, two horizons and three chemical dispersants {NaOH (D1), [(NaPO3)n + NaOH] (D2) and [(NaPO3)n + Na2CO3] (D3)}. A complete randomized block design was used with four replications. The dispersants were compared by the L&O test, which consists of a decision rule based on the F statistics and analysis of the average error and the correlation coefficient. The efficiency of dispersants was interpreted based on the clay proportion; the higher the clay proportion, the more effective the solution. A comparison of D2 = f (D1) and D3 = f (D1) showed no agreement between the dispersants. The intercept in the linear regression equation for the clay fraction was significant at 1% and negative, with highest clay values when using D1, while D2 and D3 were statistically equal. It was concluded that, given the higher clay proportion in the particle size analysis, NaOH was the most suitable dispersant to determine the texture of two horizons with 26 soil profiles in Pernambuco, representative of 82% of the total area of the state.