Segurança no trabalho nas operações com tratores agrícolas em regiões de Minas Gerais

• Autor(a) principal: Madeira, Nildimar Gonçalves
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/697
• topic: Ergonomia; Segurança; Tratores; Ergonomics; Security; Tractors; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA::MECANIZACAO AGRICOLA

The tractors are machines that promoted a remarkable modernization in Brazilian agriculture and the world, by contrast, accounted for some potential increase in risk of accidents in rural areas. Rural workers are constantly exposed to various agents that cause injuries from physical, chemical, biological and even psychological from machinery, implements and farm tractors. With the aim of demonstrating the actual situation of agricultural mechanization in the region selected for this study were characterized the nature, causes and consequences of workplace accidents involving agricultural tractors, as well as the operators of these machines and the machines used in rural areas. Work accidents involving agricultural tractors are events that have their importance related to physical damage they cause to the operator and others, as well as the financial damage caused to society and employers. There have been few research papers on this subject that to retrace strategies aimed at minimizing and even control the frequency and severity of these accidents. From the characterization of the variables that this research could generate a database query that will serve to further research in an attempt to prevent further accidents and minimizing their consequences. This research was conducted in 73 municipalities in five different regions of Minas Gerais, visiting 285 properties at random, interviewed 389 players and featuring 365 tractors. According to the data found that more than 300 injuries occur annually in the properties surveyed, of which more than 200 agricultural tractors. The nature of the accident was the most frequent contact with moving parts of the tractor (drive shaft), followed by overturning, falling of the tractor in motion, collisions and dropped objects. The highest number of accidents occurred in the work of harvesting, cleaning areas, transporting people and objects and operation of the tractor in extreme conditions. The most common causes for the reported accidents were the lack of attention, fatigue, tractor operation in extreme conditions, recklessness, and mechanical failure. It was found that some operators have technical and physical limitation to engage in such activities. We noticed also that the operators do not seek to improve the performance of work with tractors not attending formal courses for drivers and not in the habit of reading the manuals for guidance. In respect of tractors, it was noticed that they are in a precarious state of conservation and, rarely, are sent for repairs and routine reviews in specialized workshops, especially the older ones. The requirement for preventive maintenance of tractors, participation in training courses for operators of tractors with consequent emission of specific portfolio of qualification, coupled with the awareness of operators, may minimize the number of accidents with tractors, as well as the magnitude of these.